MGF (KIT Ligand) Is a Chemokinetic Factor for Melanoblast Migration into Hair Follicles

Jordan, Siobhán A.; Jackson, Ian J.

doi:10.1006/dbio.2000.9856

Cited by 90 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…1G), suggesting that these cells constitute RPE. When these RPE-like cells were derived from ES cell lines established from transgenic mouse embryos containing a fusion construct formed with the transcriptional control sequence of the pigment cell-specific Dct (DOPAchrome tautomerase) gene and the lacZ reporter (Jordan and Jackson, 2000), they expressed lacZ activity, further supporting the view that these cells represent RPE (Fig. 1H).…”

Section: Morphology Of the Eye-like Structures Induced From Es Cellsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Generation of structures formed by lens and retinal cells differentiating from embryonic stem cells

Hirano

Yamamoto

Yoshimura

et al. 2003

Developmental Dynamics

101

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Embryonic stem cells have the potential to give rise to all cell lineages when introduced into the early embryo. They also give rise to a limited number of different cell types in vitro in specialized culture systems. In this study, we established a culture system in which a structure consisting of lens, neural retina, and pigmented retina was efficiently induced from embryonic stem cells. Refractile cell masses containing lens and neural retina were surrounded by retinal pigment epithelium layers and, thus, designated as eye-like structures. Developmental processes required for eye development appear to proceed in this culture system, because the formation of the eye-like structures depended on the expression of Pax6, a key transcription factor for eye development. The present culture system opens up the possibility of examining early stages of eye development and also of producing cells for use in cellular therapy for various diseases of the eye. Developmental Dynamics 228:664 -671, 2003.

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Section: Morphology Of the Eye-like Structures Induced From Es Cellsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Generation of structures formed by lens and retinal cells differentiating from embryonic stem cells

Hirano

Yamamoto

Yoshimura

et al. 2003

Developmental Dynamics

101

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“…Between embryonic day (E) 10 and E16.5, melanoblasts migrate from the neural crest to the dermis, and then to the epidermis [15][16][17] . The Dct-lacZ transgene is expressed in melanoblasts as soon as they leave the neural crest and persists through most developmental stages and in epidermal melanocytes 17,18 . We observed more lacZ-positive cells in Gnaq Dsk1/+ and Gna11 Dsk7/+ embryos beginning at the earliest stage at which melanoblasts can be detected (E10.5; Fig.…”

Section: Dsk1 and Dsk7 Act Additively And Quantitativelymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of G-protein mutations on skin color

et al. 2004

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A new class of dominant dark skin (Dsk) mutations discovered in a screen of B30,000 mice is caused by increased dermal melanin. We identified three of four such mutations as hypermorphic alleles of Gnaq and Gna11, which encode widely expressed Gaq subunits, act in an additive and quantitative manner, and require Ednrb. Interactions between Gq and Kit receptor tyrosine kinase signaling can mediate coordinate or independent control of skin and hair color. Our results provide a mechanism that can explain several aspects of human pigmentary variation and show how polymorphism of essential proteins and signaling pathways can affect a single physiologic system.Understanding the genetic basis of quantitative phenotypes has challenged biologists for more than 80 years, with theories outpacing specific examples of the underlying molecular architecture. We are investigating variation in mouse skin color as a model for other quantitative traits and as an entry point for studying basic aspects of cell and developmental biology. Genetic studies of skin color examine developmental mechanisms at the time when melanoblasts, pigment cell precursors migrating from the neural crest, are sorted into three alternative locations: the dermis, the epidermis and the hair follicles 1 .Until recently, there were few opportunities to study skin color with a phenotype-driven approach. Large-scale chemical mutagenesis screens have now identified a large and previously unnoticed class of pigmentation mutants with dark skin 2-4 . In our initial characterization, ten dominant dark skin (Dsk) mutants were placed into two distinct groups depending on whether pigment accumulated in the dermis or the epidermis 5 . This indicated that epidermal and dermal melanocyte populations could be regulated independently by distinct sets of genetic pathways.Among the dermal class of dark skin mutations, Dsk1, Dsk7 and Dsk10 are phenotypically indistinguishable. Here we report that these three mutations represent gain-of-function alterations in two genes encoding G-protein aÀsubunits: Gnaq (Dsk1 and Dsk10) and Gna11 (Dsk7). These findings provide new insight into G-protein signaling during mammalian development and help to explain how hair and skin color can be controlled both coordinately and independently.

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“…This finding suggests that these genes are necessary for melanoblast survival and/or for their dispersal from the migration staging area. Jordan and Jackson (2000) have shown that, whereas Kitl acts as a chemokinetic factor that accelerates melanoblast movement to the hair follicles, it does not have chemoattractive abilities.…”

Section: Development Of the Melanocytementioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse coat color mutations: From fancy mice to functional genomics

Steingrı́msson

Copeland

Jenkins

2006

Developmental Dynamics

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Mouse coat color mutations have a long history in biomedical research. The viable and visible phenotype of most coat color mutations has made the pigment cell, the melanocyte, an ideal system for genetic, molecular, and cellular analysis. Molecular cloning and analysis of many of the different coat color mutations have revealed the roles of a diverse range of genes, and today we know more about the pathways and proteins that regulate the development and function of pigment cells than we know about most other cell types in mammalian organisms. Coat color mutations have also provided novel insights into stem cell biology and human diseases, including melanoma. In the future, it will be important to build on this history and knowledge by taking advantage of the extensive repertoire of recently developed genome-wide methodologies, available genomic information, and the powerful methods that have been developed for modifying the mouse genome to systematically dissect the development and function of this important cell type. The usefulness of coat color mutations has just begun to emerge. Developmental Dynamics 235: 2401-2411, 2006.

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MGF (KIT Ligand) Is a Chemokinetic Factor for Melanoblast Migration into Hair Follicles

Cited by 90 publications

References 44 publications

Generation of structures formed by lens and retinal cells differentiating from embryonic stem cells

Generation of structures formed by lens and retinal cells differentiating from embryonic stem cells

Effects of G-protein mutations on skin color

Mouse coat color mutations: From fancy mice to functional genomics

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