Mg‐Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles: A Brief Review on Synthesis, Characterizations, and Applications

Abstract

Ferrites are of great interest for both fundamental science and technological applications due to their outstanding physical, chemical, and magnetic properties. Among various ferrites, Mg‐Zn ferrites is one of the best magnetic materials for researchers due to their unique properties such as high electric resistivity, Curie temperature, low coercivity, low eddy current, dielectric losses, low cost, and better environmental stability. This makes ferrites suitable for many applications such as power transformers, microwave devices, computer memories, logic devices, recording heads, loading coils, antenna rods, color monitoring tubes, telecommunications, hyperthermia, and so forth. Mg‐Zn ferrite nanoparticles have gained increased interest for many applications such as catalysts, antimicrobial potential, and sensors for the detection of combustible gases (CH4, CO, and CO2). In this brief review, the strategies used in the synthesis of Mg‐Zn ferrite nanoparticles are summarized. The different structural, morphological, magnetic, and electric properties of these ferrites are analyzed.

Electrical Conduction Mechanisms in Gd-Substituted WO3 Ceramics: Experimental and Theoretical Approaches

“…The lowering of activation energy with decreasing temperature in the WO 3 sample has been explained by the small polaron theory . Moreover, the activation energy at high temperature satisfied 0.2 eV < E a < 1.0 eV, which predicts that the conduction mechanism dominates by p-type polaron hopping, whereas E a < 0.2 eV denotes the dominant behavior of n-type polaron hopping. , …”

“…47 Moreover, the activation energy at high temperature satisfied 0.2 eV < E a < 1.0 eV, which predicts that the conduction mechanism dominates by p-type polaron hopping, whereas E a < 0.2 eV denotes the dominant behavior of n-type polaron hopping. 2,48 3.3.4. Complex Impedance Spectroscopy.…”

“…Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are of great interest due to their numerous captivating properties, such as piezoelectric, electrochromic, photocatalytic, and magnetoresistance properties. , Among them, tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) becomes a fascinating material due to its extraordinary properties, such as its good thermal, chemical, and environmental stability, good electron transport properties, easy synthesis and processing which make it a pertinent candidate in various advanced technological applications. − WO 3 has also been employed as the electron transport layer in high-efficiency solar cells; therefore, it is vital to comprehend the conduction mechanism involved in the device’s performance. , Although some work has been done on analyzing the dielectric properties and electrical properties of WO 3 , much of it has consisted of experimental reporting of mobilities or electrical resistivities with model fits. Faisal Mehmood et al found that although Sn doping enhances dielectric properties, it also leads to a reduction in the electrical conductivity of WO 3 .…”

“…Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are of great interest due to their numerous captivating properties, such as piezoelectric, electrochromic, photocatalytic, and magnetoresistance properties. 1,2 Among them, tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) becomes a fascinating material due to its extraordinary properties, such as its good thermal, chemical, and environmental stability, good electron transport properties, easy synthesis and processing which make it a pertinent candidate in various advanced technological applications. 3−5 WO 3 has also been employed as the electron transport layer in high-efficiency solar cells; therefore, it is vital to comprehend the conduction mechanism involved in the device's performance.…”