Metropolitan growth and the mobility and immobility of skilled and creative couples across the life course

Cooke, Thomas J.

doi:10.1080/02723638.2013.860754

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Last, single marital status was also related to a preference for cosmopolitan cities. There likely are many reasons why single rather than married people move to cosmopolitan cities (e.g., the pursuit of excitement and entertainment, more unrestricted sexual norms, greater prevalence of desirable mates), and the correlational design of our studies does not allow us to draw causal inferences; however, the observed pattern is generally consistent with research suggesting that many people move to urban areas to find a mate (Gautier, Svarer, & Teulings, 2010; see also Cooke, 2014). In sum, social orientation and personality each explained unique variance in predicting participants' preference for cosmopolitan cities above and beyond demographic factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

The Culture of Cities: Measuring Perceived Cosmopolitanism

Sevincer

Varnum

Kitayama

2017

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

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Cities like New York and San Francisco have a different feel than cities like Newark and Columbus. But can these differences be captured quantitatively? We argue these places vary along the dimension of cosmopolitanism, that is, the extent to which they offer economic opportunities and emphasize diversity, creativity, and egalitarianism. We present a Cosmopolitan City Scale (CCS) designed to assess perceived cosmopolitanism. The CCS has high internal reliability and correlates with objective indicators of cosmopolitanism such as intergenerational mobility and number of patents generated (Study 1). Consistent with the notion that people with an independent orientation migrate to cosmopolitan places, independence was associated with preference for cosmopolitan cities as measured by our scale (Study 2). High openness to experience, high extraversion, liberalism, high socioeconomic status, and single marital status were also related to greater preference for cosmopolitan cities. We believe the CCS provides a new tool for understanding how cities differ and helps clarify factors that drive migration preferences. We also discuss implications of cosmopolitanism for cultural processes such as acculturation and intergroup relations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

The Culture of Cities: Measuring Perceived Cosmopolitanism

Sevincer

Varnum

Kitayama

2017

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

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“…Further, in regional areas, a smaller proportion of adults work in professional roles (16% compared with 24% in metropolitan areas), and in rural areas, fewer industries require employees with secondary school completion. For many dual-profession couples, the regional job market limits their inclusion, although this may vary depending on skills, interests and professional flexibility of the spouse/partner [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family effects on the rurality of GP’s work location: a longitudinal panel study

2017

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BackgroundReduced opportunities for children’s schooling and spouse’s/partner’s employment are identified internationally as key barriers to general practitioners (GPs) working rurally. This paper aims to measure longitudinal associations between the rurality of GP work location and having (i) school-aged children and (ii) a spouse/partner in the workforce.MethodsParticipants included 4377 GPs responding to at least two consecutive annual surveys of the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life (MABEL) national longitudinal study between 2008 and 2014. The main outcome, GP work location, was categorised by remoteness and population size. Five sequential binary school-age groupings were defined according to whether a GP had no children, only preschool children (aged 0–4 years), at least one primary-school child (aged 5–11 years), at least one child in secondary school (aged 12–18 years), and all children older than secondary school (aged ≥ 19). Partner in the workforce was defined by whether a GP had a partner who was either currently working or looking for work, or not. Separate generalised estimating equation models, which aggregated consecutive annual observations per GP, tested associations between work location and (i) educational stages and (ii) partner employment, after adjusting for key covariates.ResultsMale GPs with children in secondary school were significantly less likely to work rurally (inclusive of > 50 000 regional centres through to the smallest rural towns of < 5000) compared to male GPs with children in primary school. In contrast, female GPs’ locations were not significantly associated with the educational stage of their children. Having a partner in the workforce was not associated with work location for male GPs, whereas female GPs with a partner in the workforce were significantly less likely to work in smaller rural/remote communities (< 15 000 population).ConclusionsThis is the first systematic, national-level longitudinal study showing that GP work location is related to key family needs which differ according to GP gender and educational stages of children. Such non-professional factors are likely to be dynamic across the GP’s lifespan and should be regularly reviewed as part of GP retention planning. This research supports investment in regional development for strong local secondary school and partner employment opportunities.

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“…McGranahan and Wojan 2007;Marrocu and Paci 2012); however, few have attempted to surpass the bare economic framework by studying their demographic and social characteristics (e.g. Cooke 2014;Eisler, Donnelly and Montuori 2016). Creative workers are not heterogeneous only from the aspect of the occupational structure, but they also differ according to age, gender, education, status, nationality, and others (Fritsch and Stützer 2007;Alfken, Broekel and Sternberg 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic characteristics of creative workers: under-activated development potentials in Slovenia?

Kozina¹

2018

AGS

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The purpose of the article is to present the key demographic characteristics of the creative labour force in Slovenia and bring attention to some opportunities for a more effective activation of the creative potential. We analysed data from the Statistical Register of Employment. The results indicate that creative workers in Slovenia are not only heterogeneous from the aspect of the employment structure, but that they also differ significantly in terms of gender, age, education, and ethnicity. Even though Slovenia can be compared to the most developed countries in the scope of the creative labour force, it will have to work on stimulating additional development potentials to make it to the top of the list. We conclude that, in the future, a more prominent role should be given to the female creative labour force, young bohemians, and foreign creative people.

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Metropolitan growth and the mobility and immobility of skilled and creative couples across the life course

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

The Culture of Cities: Measuring Perceived Cosmopolitanism

The Culture of Cities: Measuring Perceived Cosmopolitanism

Family effects on the rurality of GP’s work location: a longitudinal panel study

Demographic characteristics of creative workers: under-activated development potentials in Slovenia?

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