2003
DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000072846
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Metropolitan cooperation in Europe: Theoretical issues and perspectives for urban networking 1

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Cited by 49 publications
(54 citation statements)
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“…Koninkrijksrelaties, 2013), in which citizens co-decide and tackle societal issues themselves. This was the result of a process of the decentralization and deregulation of social policies that commenced in the 1980s (Heeg, Klagge & Ossenbrügge, 2003). Initially, decentralization was motivated by the argument that it would result in better accessibility to public administration (ROB, 2000).…”
Section: Pulling Yourself Out Of the Swamp Of Deprivationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Koninkrijksrelaties, 2013), in which citizens co-decide and tackle societal issues themselves. This was the result of a process of the decentralization and deregulation of social policies that commenced in the 1980s (Heeg, Klagge & Ossenbrügge, 2003). Initially, decentralization was motivated by the argument that it would result in better accessibility to public administration (ROB, 2000).…”
Section: Pulling Yourself Out Of the Swamp Of Deprivationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because neo-liberal applications that dominate our world, have left the cities alone with the problems that they cannot solve on their own. Along with this change, cities display the behaviour of solving their problems, not on their own but as a region, in cooperation with other cities (Heeg et al 2003). At the same time, this situation requires cooperated and coordinated usage of the resources that these cities and regions have.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Heeg et al (2003) handled metropolitan cooperation as urban networks and after analyzing the existing cooperative efforts in Europe; they proved that metropolitan cooperation shows three types of focus: (1) cooperation dominated by state in state-oriented regulation mode, (2) cooperation dominated by private sectors in market-oriented regulation maode, and (3) cooperation located between the continuum of the above two kinds of cooperation. Besides, they defined three types of territorial cooperation: (1) territorially disintegrated networks, (2) territorially integrated cooperation and (3) cooperation between two or more individual cities in the same large region.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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