Metronomic Chemotherapy in Oral Cancer: A Review

Abstract

Treatment of locally advanced oral cancer requires multidisciplinary care, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, which varies based on the stage of the disease, site of involvement, and surgical access. Oral cancer usually presents with an increased recurrence rate and potential for distant metastatic spread. It confers a poor prognosis with a 50% mortality rate after five years. Oral metronomic chemotherapy aims to achieve higher patient compliance due to its ease of administration, lower dosage, and lesser side effects than conventional IV regimens of platinum-based drugs. In this review, we have summarized the relevant literature to benefit the readers regarding the potential application of metronomic therapy in the management of oral cancer.

Evaluation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Natural Killer Cell Distribution in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Epithelial Dysplasia: An Immunohistochemical Study

“…Increased numbers and dense infiltration of these immune cells are intended to kill abnormal tumor cells [15]. The use of immunohistochemical markers such as CD44, CD24, and NANOG in OSCC and OED has been correlated with survival and recurrence [16][17][18]. Metronomic therapy has been implemented for OSCC among Indian patients but its response or case selection could be influenced by the identification of relevant biomarkers or immunohistochemistry [16].…”

Longitudinal Assessment of the Quality of Life in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

“…Artificial intelligence-based diagnosis of suspicious oral lesions [24] and estimation of QoL are also being explored [25]. Metronomic chemotherapy is also being experimented with as a viable treatment option for OSCC in India [26]. Additionally, there is a critical need for pre-and post-treatment counseling programs for oral cancer patients, along with their guardians, to provide holistic support and guidance throughout the treatment journey.…”