Metrological Characterization of Digital Mems Accelerometers in Dynamic Conditions: An Investigation of Linearity in Amplitude and Temperature Effects

Schiavi, A.; Prato, A.; Mazzoleni, F.; Facello, A.; Kwitonda, A.

doi:10.21014/tc22-2022.033

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Moreover, it should be noted that potential variables that could influence sensitivity measurements were previously investigated [ 60 ]: the thermal effects on sensors are considered negligible, at least in the range from −20 °C to 80 °C, as well as the stress/fatigue effects due to high vibration amplitude levels or shocks. This evidence allows one to guarantee the stability of the investigated DUTs in operating conditions, although more severe analysis based on accelerated aging methods (not investigated here) could provide different results related to long-term stability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsiveness and Precision of Digital IMUs under Linear and Curvilinear Motion Conditions for Local Navigation and Positioning in Advanced Smart Mobility

Chiominto,

Natale,

D’Emilia

et al. 2024

Micromachines

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Sensors based on MEMS technology, in particular Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), when installed on vehicles, provide a real-time full estimation of vehicles’ state vector (e.g., position, velocity, yaw angle, angular rate, acceleration), which is required for the planning and control of cars’ trajectories, as well as managing the in-car local navigation and positioning tasks. Moreover, data provided by the IMUs, integrated with the data of multiple inputs from other sensing systems (such as Lidar, cameras, and GPS) within the vehicle, and with the surrounding information exchanged in real time (vehicle to vehicle, vehicle to infrastructure, or vehicle to other entities), can be exploited to actualize the full implementation of “smart mobility” on a large scale. On the other hand, “smart mobility” (which is expected to improve road safety, reduce traffic congestion and environmental burden, and enhance the sustainability of mobility as a whole), to be safe and functional on a large scale, should be supported by highly accurate and trustworthy technologies based on precise and reliable sensors and systems. It is known that the accuracy and precision of data supplied by appropriately in-lab-calibrated IMUs (with respect to the primary or secondary standard in order to provide traceability to the International System of Units) allow guaranteeing high quality, reliable information managed by processing systems, since they are reproducible, repeatable, and traceable. In this work, the effective responsiveness and the related precision of digital IMUs, under sinusoidal linear and curvilinear motion conditions at 5 Hz, 10 Hz, and 20 Hz, are investigated on the basis of metrological approaches in laboratory standard conditions only. As a first step, in-lab calibrations allow one to reduce the variables of uncontrolled boundary conditions (e.g., occurring in vehicles in on-site tests) in order to identify the IMUs’ sensitivity in a stable and reproducible environment. For this purpose, a new calibration system, based on an oscillating rotating table was developed to reproduce the dynamic conditions of use in the field, and the results are compared with calibration data obtained on linear calibration benches.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsiveness and Precision of Digital IMUs under Linear and Curvilinear Motion Conditions for Local Navigation and Positioning in Advanced Smart Mobility

Chiominto,

Natale,

D’Emilia

et al. 2024

Micromachines

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“…Although calibrations are conventionally performed in compliance with constant climatic requirements, harsh or critical environmental conditions, such as large temperature variation, humidity, magnetic fields, mechanical stress… are further contributes of uncertainty, affecting the sensor performance in operative conditions. Then, it could be useful also to verify the stability (or the dependency) of sensor indications with respect to known physical occurrences [31].…”

Section: Uncertainties Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metrology for next generation “Phygital Sensors”

Schiavi

Mazzoleni

Facello

et al. 2023

2023 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Industry 4.0 &Amp; IoT (MetroInd4.0&IoT)

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Commonly speaking a 'sensor' is a device that produces an output signal quantitatively related to a certain physical phenomenon; if the output signal is provided in a digital form, it is referred in terms of 'digital sensor'. As is known, these devices are produced in the order of million/week and are widely used for the management of "smart systems" now commonplace in everyday life, such as automotive, domotics, smart-industry, cooperative robotics ("cobots"), robotic assisted surgery, as well as for advanced monitoring of infrastructures and ecosystems; moreover, digital sensors are the foundation of the "digital twins" technology development, and support the actualization of the "Digital Earth" purposes. However, in many cases, since these sensors manage interaction processes with humans (e.g., driver assistant control, physiological data, remote surgery, environmental hazard…), their technological performance must be actually recognized as safe and trustworthy. Recently, both manufacturers and end users have begun to question the actual reliability of sensors used in particularly complex applications, and see value in traceable chain to calibration and accreditation national laboratories. Indeed, the methods applied for metrological calibration of measuring instruments, against primary or secondary standards, can allow to accurately quantify the performance of these sensors, with respect to traceable physical quantities, providing certified statements of the effective 'sensitivity' (and related uncertainties), as the ratio between the digital output (reaction) and the physical input (stimulus). In that meaning, once calibrated, a digital sensor can be properly considered as a physical-digital sensor, i.e. a device, interfacing the physical world, sensitive to a specific variation of a known physical quantity, and able to convert it into a digital signal output (with known accuracy, precision and reliability), readable for an observer, exploitable by interconnected instruments, and for actuators control. Currently, although no pertinent Standards are yet available for the calibration of 'physical-digital sensors', some National Metrology Institutes are putting into practice appropriate calibration procedures and methods to fill this important lack, as described in this paper.

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Metrological Characterization of Digital Mems Accelerometers in Dynamic Conditions: An Investigation of Linearity in Amplitude and Temperature Effects

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Responsiveness and Precision of Digital IMUs under Linear and Curvilinear Motion Conditions for Local Navigation and Positioning in Advanced Smart Mobility

Responsiveness and Precision of Digital IMUs under Linear and Curvilinear Motion Conditions for Local Navigation and Positioning in Advanced Smart Mobility

Metrology for next generation “Phygital Sensors”

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