Métodos de mensuração do letramento em saúde bucal no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Objetivo: Identificar e avaliar criticamente os atuais métodos validados para a mensuração do Letramento em Saúde Bucal (LSB) no Brasil, bem como seus achados epidemiológicos. Métodos: A busca desta revisão integrativa da literatura foi conduzida em sete bases de dados. Os critérios de elegibilidade abrangeram estudos epidemiológicos conduzidos no Brasil, de validação de instrumentos para o português brasileiro e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas das ferramentas. Todo o processo de exclusão e inclusão seguiu as recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Resultados: Dez artigos foram incluídos neste estudo. Foi verificado que apenas quatro instrumentos de mensuração do LSB possuem validação para uso no Brasil, delineados com diferentes propósitos e propriedades psicométricas. A maioria dos estudos epidemiológicos foi conduzida na região Sul do país (60%) e não foram encontradas pesquisas nas regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste. Considerações Finais: Futuros estudos epidemiológicos que utilizem os instrumentos recentemente validados para a mensuração do grau de LSB, em uma disposição demográfica mais proporcional, são fundamentais para que possam ser identificadas falhas nos métodos de educação em saúde atualmente empregados, aprimorando as políticas de saúde bucal e permitindo ao clínico/pesquisador uma intervenção mais próxima da realidade da população na qual atua.

Instruments validated in Brazil for assessing oral health literacy in adolescents: an integrative literature review

“…The evaluation of questionnaires used in scientific research on this topic for adolescent audiences is important to ensure that the results obtained are accurate and reliable, ensuring that they can be generalized to the target population. The tools for evaluation, when they demonstrate adequate psychometric properties, are useful and capable of presenting scientifically robust results (Keszei et al, 2010;Mokkink et al, 2010), and can collaborate with health professionals in identifying failures in health education and improving SB policies, allowing an intervention closer to the reality of the population in which they operate (Lins et al, 2020). Only five evaluation instruments described in the world literature measure LS in adolescents (9 to 19 year-old participants) (Perry, 2014).…”

“…In Brazil, until the end of 2015, there was only one instrument for measuring the LSB in adolescents, translated and validated into Brazilian Portuguese, the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30), (Baldo e Mialhe 2019;Tsé et al, 2015;Lins 2020) and therefore an emerging theme in the scientific community (Bado e Mialhe, 2019). A low level of LSB is one of the predictors of cavitated caries lesions in adolescence, associated with socioeconomic factors and a low level of family cohesion (Neves et al, 2020), correlated with low values of social capital (Knorst, 2022).…”

“…The adolescent's LSB is an area little explored, in spite of the importance of this formative stage in the individual approach to lifestyles and healthy behaviors. Although some authors (Lins et al, 2020; claim that there is a gap in the literature on instruments for evaluating LSB in adolescents, LSB levels have been evaluated among Brazilian adolescents.…”

“…According to Lins et al (2020) , only four LSB evaluation instruments have validation for use in Brazil in adults, and, only one of these has demonstrated validity and reliability for application in adolescents in the country, Brazilian Portuguese version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry, BREALD-30. The present review of integrative literature meets these authors, because it also came across this same instrument in most Brazilian investigations on the subject, analyzed (Dutra et al, 2019;Lima et al, 2019;Lopes et al, 2020;Moura et al, 2020;Neves et al, 2020;Lopes et al, 2021;Prataet alorg (see recital 21).…”

“…Instruments have been developed that evaluate LS considering the general health of people, as well as instruments directed to certain health conditions or specific populations (Marques e Lemos, 2017). Regarding oral health, some instruments have been developed (Cruvinel, et al, 2017;Bado, et al, 2018;Firmino, et al, 2020;Lins,et al, 2020). However, it seems that instruments that aim to evaluate oral health literacy (BLS) among adolescents are scarce.…”