Metodología para la Medición del Déficit Cualitativo de Espacio Público en Colombia: un Indicador Clave del Ordenamiento Territorial

Abstract

En este artículo se propone una metodología para la evaluación del "déficit cualitativo del espacio público", en respuesta a los vacíos y debilidades que presenta la normatividad colombiana. Se centra en la valoración individual del estado cualitativo de los diversos elementos del espacio público (escenarios deportivos, infantiles y de estancia de escala o influencia vecinal, zonal o regional), permitiendo su representación espacial y la realización de análisis territoriales, en el marco del proceso de planificación y ordenamiento territorial. El caso de estudio aplicado en la ciudad de Montería, Colombia, valida el funcionamiento de la metodología, evidenciando la afectación de la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos a causa de las inadecuadas condiciones físico-espaciales que no garantizan la funcionalidad del espacio público.

A Conceptual Model for Planning and Management of Areas of Public Space and Meeting in Colombia

“…The deterioration of these spaces makes it impossible to provide possibilities of active or passive recreation. Deterioration denotes a qualitative deficit, an element of analysis that must be considered in urban planning and management [21,22]. Regarding Factor 5, the spatial distribution also matters.…”

“…Based on the above-mentioned issues, Jiménez and Garnica proposed a methodology that allows the estimation of this deficit, facilitating not only its approach but also its reporting and interpretation based on the detection of sociospatial problems or conflicts [22]. The proposed methodology was called "Individualized Qualitative Deficit of public space" (IQD) and is based on the design of a format for the exhaustive collection of data in the field, related to the conditions that generate deficits specified in the guide standard.…”

“…However, it does not consider universal accessibility as another equally relevant aspect, being largely considered in models of inclusive cities. The necessary incorporation of this new analysis element in our logical model brings implications to the methodological proposal for the estimation of the individualized qualitative deficit of public space adapted to the study area [22].…”

“…From these documents, useful elements for identifying and solving sociospatial conflicts that affect environmental quality and urban life could be identified and even foreseen. For example, there are recent valuable proposals for assessment models based just on a few variables of interest [11,12,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] or on a more complex evaluation system [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] with relevant positive results; however, in most cases, these findings are neglected by policymakers and urban planners. The lack of a common conceptual model denotes the existence of isolated and disjointed approaches that could negatively affect the efficiency of decision-making processes in urban spatial configurations.…”