Metoclopramide-induced central nervous system depression in the chicken

Al-Zubaidy, M. H. I.; Mohammad, F. K.

doi:10.1186/1746-6148-1-6

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Metoclopramide (MCP), which is a clinically relevant anti-emetic with dopamine and 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist properties [39] was used as a positive control. The dose of MCP that we selected is higher than required to antagonize cisplatin induced emesis in other species [40], and was based on a previous study in the pigeon showing activity against reserpine-induced emesis [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-emetic mechanisms of zingiber officinale against cisplatin induced emesis in the pigeon; behavioral and neurochemical correlates

Ullah

Subhan

Ayaz

et al. 2015

BMC Complement Altern Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundZingiber officinale (ZO, family Zingiberaceae) has been reported for its antiemetic activity against cancer chemotherapy induced emesis in animal models and in clinics. Current study was designed to investigate ZO for potential usefulness against cisplatin induced vomiting in pigeon and its effects on central and peripheral neurotransmitters involved in the act of vomiting.MethodsZingiber officinale acetone fraction (ZO-ActFr) was investigated for attenuation of emesis induced by cisplatin in healthy pigeons. Neurotransmitters DA, 5HT and their metabolites DOPAC, HVA and 5HIAA were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography system coupled with electrochemical detector in area postrema, brain stem and intestine. Antiemetic effect of ZO-ActFr was correlated with central and intestinal neurotransmitters levels in pigeon.ResultsCisplatin (7 mg/kg i.v.) induced emesis without lethality upto the observation period. ZO-ActFr (25, 50 & 100 mg/kg) attenuated cisplatin induced emesis ~ 44.18%, 58.13% (P < 0.05) and 27.9%, respectively; the reference drug, metoclopramide (MCP; 30 mg/kg), produced ~ 48.83% reduction (P < 0.05). ZO-ActFr reduced (P < 0.05 - 0.001) 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) concentration in the area postrema, brain stem and intestine at 3rd hour of cisplatin administration, while at the 18th hour ZO treatments attenuated the dopamine upsurge (P < 0.001) caused by cisplatin in the area postrema and 5HT concentration (P < 0.01 - 0.001) in the brain stem and intestine. ZO treatments alone did not altered the basal neurotransmitters and their metabolites in the brain areas and intestine.ConclusionThe behavioral study verify the antiemetic profile of ZO against cisplatin induced emesis in the pigeon, where central and peripheral neural evidences advocate the involvement of serotonergic mechanism at initial time point (3rd hr), while the later time point (18th hr) is associated with serotonergic and dopaminergic component in the mediation of its antiemetic effect.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-emetic mechanisms of zingiber officinale against cisplatin induced emesis in the pigeon; behavioral and neurochemical correlates

Ullah

Subhan

Ayaz

et al. 2015

BMC Complement Altern Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The initial dose of diazepam or xylazine was at 10 mg/kg, i.m. After the injection of each drug, we monitored the chicks for the occurrence of sedation manifested as drooping of the head, closed eyelids, reduced motility or immotility, decreased distress calls, and recumbency (Al-Zubaidy & Mohammad, 2005). In another experiment, we monitored the dose-response sedative effects of diazepam and xylazine in the two groups of H 2 O 2 -stressed and non-stressed chicks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with diazepam at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg or xylazine at 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg. After injection of each drug, the chicks were individually monitored to record the onset of sedation (drooping of the head) and its duration, as well as the total recovery time as described previously (Al-Zubaidy & Mohammad, 2005). Recovery time was the time from the onset of sedation until the chick moved freely.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hydrogen peroxide on diazepam and xylazine sedation in chicks

Mousa

Mohammad²

2012

Interdisciplinary Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxidative stress may cause various neuronal dysfunctions and modulate responses to many centrally acting drugs. This study examines the effects of oxidative stress produced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on sedation induced by diazepam or xylazine as assessed in 7–14 day-old chicks. Day-old chicks were provided with either plane tap water (control group) or H2O2 in tap water as 0.5% v/v drinking solution for two weeks in order to produce oxidative stress. Spectrophotometric methods were used to determine glutathione and malondialdehyde concentrations in plasma and whole brain. Drug-induced sedation in the chicks was assessed by monitoring the occurrence of signs of sedation manifested as drooping of the head, closed eyelids, reduced motility or immotility, decreased distress calls, and recumbency. The latency to onset of sedation and its duration were also recorded. H2O2 treatment for two weeks significantly decreased glutathione and increased malondialdehyde concentrations in plasma and whole brain of the chicks on days 7, 10 and 14 as compared with respective age-matched control groups. H2O2 decreased the median effective doses of diazepam and xylazine for the induction of sedation in chicks by 46% and 63%, respectively. Injection of diazepam at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg, i.m. or xylazine at 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg, i.m. induced sedation in both control and H2O2-treated chicks in a dose dependent manner, manifested by the above given signs of sedation. H2O2 significantly decreased the latency to onset of sedation in chicks treated with diazepam at 5 and 10 mg/kg, increased the duration of sedation and prolonged the total recovery time in comparison with respective non-stressed control chicks. A similar trend occurred with xylazine in the H2O2-treated chicks, though the differences from control counterparts did not attain the statistical significance, except for the recovery time of the lowest dose of the drug. The data suggest that H2O2-induced oxidative stress sensitizes the chicks to the depressant action of the sedatives diazepam and xylazine. Further studies are needed to examine the potential role of oxidative stress in modulating the actions of therapeutic agents on the brain.

show abstract

“…Water and feed were given ad libitum . Metoclopramide HCl (Yuhan, Korea) was dissolved in physiological saline solution for s.c. administration at a volume of 5ml/kg body weight [ 3 ]. A commercial insecticidal concentrated solution of diazinon (60%; Novartis, Switzerland) was further diluted in distilled water to obtain the desired concentrations of the insecticide for oral dosing, at a volume of 5 ml/kg body weight, by using a gavage needle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metoclopramide protection of diazinon-induced toxicosis in chickens

Al-Zubaidy

Mohammad

2007

J Vet Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The efficacy of metoclopramide for preventing organophosphate insecticide-induced (diazinon) toxicosis was evaluated in 7~14 days old chicks. Injection of metoclopramide at 25 mg/kg, s.c. 15 min before diazinon increased the oral 24 h median lethal dose of the insecticide in the chicks by 80%. Metoclopramide alone inhibited the in vitro and in vivo plasma and whole brain cholinesterase activities of the chicks. Metoclopramide pretreatment at 100 mg/kg, s.c. reduced the extent of cholinesterase inhibition that was caused by diazinon (10 mg/kg, p.o.) in the plasma and whole brain by 24% and 7%, respectively. Diazinon at 10 mg/kg, p.o. produced signs of cholinergic toxicosis in the chicks, and these signs included salivation, lacrimation, gasping and convulsions within 2 h, and the 2-h and 24-h lethalities were 88 and 100%, respectively. Metoclopramide at the dose rates of 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, s.c. given 15 min before diazinon (10 mg/kg, p.o.) variably decreased the occurrence of toxic manifestations in the chicks. The highest dose of metoclopramide (200 mg/kg, s.c.) reduced the 2-h and 24-h lethality of diazinon to 75% each and it reduced the overall toxicity score of diazinon by 32%. The data suggest that metoclopramide pretreatment only partially protected chicks against the acute toxicity of diazinon.

show abstract

Metoclopramide-induced central nervous system depression in the chicken

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Anti-emetic mechanisms of zingiber officinale against cisplatin induced emesis in the pigeon; behavioral and neurochemical correlates

Anti-emetic mechanisms of zingiber officinale against cisplatin induced emesis in the pigeon; behavioral and neurochemical correlates

Effects of hydrogen peroxide on diazepam and xylazine sedation in chicks

Metoclopramide protection of diazinon-induced toxicosis in chickens

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About