Methylphenidate vs Dextroamphetamine vs Caffeine in Minimal Brain Dysfunction

Arnold, L. Eugene

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1978.01770280073008

Cited by 93 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Figure 2 shows the results of the 11 studies that compared the pre- and post-treatment HR between participants taking methylphenidate and placebos [32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42]. Children and adolescents treated with methylphenidate had a more significant increase in post- vs. pre-treatment HR than those treated by placebo (pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with random-effects model: 1.56, 95% CI: 0.71–2.41, z = 3.59, p < 0.001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine on Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure in Young People and Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

Liang

Lim

Tam

et al. 2018

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: This meta-analysis aims to study the effects of atomoxetine and methylphenidate on heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and a number of adverse cardiac events on patients receiving treatment for attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) in comparison to placebo and between atomoxetine and methylphenidate. Methods: We searched the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, and ScienceDirect. Meta-analysis was performed on studies that examined the relationships between methylphenidate or atomoxetine and HR, SBP, as well as a number of adverse cardiac events. These studies were either placebo-controlled or comparison studies between methylphenidate and atomoxetine. Meta-regression identified patient- and treatment-related factors that may contribute to heterogeneity. Results: Twenty-two studies were included and the total number of participants was 46,107. Children/adolescents and adults treated with methylphenidate had more significant increases in post- vs. pre-treatment HR (p < 0.001) and SBP (p < 0.001) than those treated by placebo. Children and adolescents treated with atomoxetine had more significant increases post- vs. pre-treatment HR (p = 0.025) and SBP (p < 0.001) than those treated with methylphenidate. Meta-regression revealed mean age of participants, mean dose, and duration of atomoxetine and methylphenidate as significant moderators that explained heterogeneity. There were no differences in the number of adverse cardiac events between participants with methylphenidate treatment and placebo or atomoxetine. Conclusions: Children/adolescents and adults treated with methylphenidate resulted in significant increases in post- vs. pre-treatment HR and SBP as compared to placebo. Similarly, children and adolescents treated with atomoxetine had significant increases in post- vs. pre-treatment HR and SBP than those treated with methylphenidate. These findings have potential implications for continuous monitoring of HR and SBP throughout the course of treatment although the risk for adverse cardiac events were insignificant.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine on Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure in Young People and Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

Liang

Lim

Tam

et al. 2018

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…He concluded that 87% of ADHD children should respond well to one of the two stimulant classes. Arnold, Christopher, Huestis, and Smeltzer (1978) reported a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover comparison of methylphenidate and dexamphetamine in 29 children with minimal brain dysfunction. Of the 26 drug responders, 12 responded best to dexamphetamine, 10 to methylphenidate and 4 to neither.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Effect Size of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate for Treating ADHD in Children and Adults

Faraone

2010

J Atten Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although many consider methylphenidate and amphetamine interchangeable for the treatment of ADHD, only approximately half of affected children respond to both methylphenidate and amphetamine with equal efficacy (Arnold et al, 1978,Elia et al, 1991,Efron et al, 1997. While the majority of children benefit from methylphenidate treatment, a small subset of children respond only to amphetamine, suggesting that underlying neurochemical differences define the response to psychostimulants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

D2-like dopamine receptors mediate the response to amphetamine in a mouse model of ADHD

Fan¹,

Hess²

2007

Neurobiology of Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mechanisms underlying the effects of psychostimulants in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are not well understood, but indirect evidence implicates D2 dopamine receptors. Here we dissect the components of dopaminergic neurotransmission in the hyperactive mouse mutant coloboma to identify pre-and postsynaptic elements essential for the effects of amphetamine in these mice. Amphetamine treatment reduced locomotor activity in coloboma mice, but induced a robust increase in dopamine overflow suggesting that abnormal regulation of dopamine efflux does not account for the behavioral effect. However, the D2-like dopamine receptor antagonists haloperidol and raclopride, but not the D1-like dopamine receptor antagonist SCH23390, blocked the amphetamine-induced reduction in locomotor activity in coloboma mice, providing direct evidence that D2-like dopamine receptors mediate the effect of amphetamine in these mice. With the precedent established that it is possible to directly antagonize this response, this strategy should prove useful for identifying novel therapeutics in ADHD.

show abstract

Methylphenidate vs Dextroamphetamine vs Caffeine in Minimal Brain Dysfunction

Cited by 93 publications

References 19 publications

The Effect of Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine on Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure in Young People and Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

The Effect of Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine on Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure in Young People and Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

Understanding the Effect Size of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate for Treating ADHD in Children and Adults

D2-like dopamine receptors mediate the response to amphetamine in a mouse model of ADHD

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About