Methylmercury egg injections: Part 2—Pathology, neurochemistry, and behavior in the avian embryo and hatchling

Rutkiewicz, Jennifer; Bradley, Mark; Mittal, Krittika; Basu, Niladri

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.04.007

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Neurochemical assays were completed at the University of Michigan based on previous analytical methods. , Homogenate and membrane preparations from the cerebrum tissues were prepared as described previously. − Brains were homogenized in 50 mM Tris buffer (50 mM Tris HCl, 50 mM Tris Base, pH 7.4), and an aliquot of homogenate was saved for enzyme analyses. Membranes were isolated by centrifuging at 48000 g for 15 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Endocrine and Physiological Parameters of Captive American Kestrels Exposed by Diet to Selected Organophosphate Flame Retardants

Fernie

Palace

Peters

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Organophosphate triesters are high production volume additive flame retardants (OPFRs) and plasticizers. Shown to accumulate in abiotic and biotic environmental compartments, little is known about the risks they pose. Captive adult male American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were fed the same dose (22 ng OPFR/g kestrel/d) daily (21 d) of tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP), tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP), or tris(1,2-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP). Concentrations were undetected in tissues (renal, hepatic), suggesting rapid metabolism. There were no changes in glutathione status, indicators of hepatic oxidative status, or the cholinergic system (i.e., cerebrum, plasma cholinesterases; cerebrum muscarinic, nicotinic receptors). Modest changes occurred in hepatocyte integrity and function (clinical chemistry). Significant effects on plasma free triiodothyronine (FT3) concentrations occurred with exposure to TBOEP, TCEP, TCIPP, and TDCIPP; TBOEP and TCEP had additional overall effects on free thyroxine (FT4), whereas TDCIPP also influenced total thyroxine (TT4). Relative increases (32%-96%) in circulating FT3, TT3, FT4, and/or TT4 were variable with each OPFR at 7 d exposure, but limited thereafter, which was likely maintained through decreased thyroid gland activity and increased hepatic deiodinase activity. The observed physiological and endocrine effects occurred at environmentally relevant concentrations and suggest parent OPFRs or metabolites may have been present despite rapid degradation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Endocrine and Physiological Parameters of Captive American Kestrels Exposed by Diet to Selected Organophosphate Flame Retardants

Fernie

Palace

Peters

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Although mostly used for human studies so far, flat- and roundworms could be easily used for environmental studies. There is also growing interest in using avian models, particularly the use of in ovo egg injection methods in which developmental exposures can be carefully controlled and linked with a range of structural and functional outcomes in the hatchling and later life stages [46, 47].…”

Section: Developmental Eco-neurotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An ecotoxicological view on neurotoxicity assessment

et al. 2018

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The numbers of potential neurotoxicants in the environment are raising and pose a great risk for humans and the environment. Currently neurotoxicity assessment is mostly performed to predict and prevent harm to human populations. Despite all the efforts invested in the last years in developing novel in vitro or in silico test systems, in vivo tests with rodents are still the only accepted test for neurotoxicity risk assessment in Europe. Despite an increasing number of reports of species showing altered behaviour, neurotoxicity assessment for species in the environment is not required and therefore mostly not performed. Considering the increasing numbers of environmental contaminants with potential neurotoxic potential, eco-neurotoxicity should be also considered in risk assessment. In order to do so novel test systems are needed that can cope with species differences within ecosystems. In the field, online-biomonitoring systems using behavioural information could be used to detect neurotoxic effects and effect-directed analyses could be applied to identify the neurotoxicants causing the effect. Additionally, toxic pressure calculations in combination with mixture modelling could use environmental chemical monitoring data to predict adverse effects and prioritize pollutants for laboratory testing. Cheminformatics based on computational toxicological data from in vitro and in vivo studies could help to identify potential neurotoxicants. An array of in vitro assays covering different modes of action could be applied to screen compounds for neurotoxicity. The selection of in vitro assays could be guided by AOPs relevant for eco-neurotoxicity. In order to be able to perform risk assessment for eco-neurotoxicity, methods need to focus on the most sensitive species in an ecosystem. A test battery using species from different trophic levels might be the best approach. To implement eco-neurotoxicity assessment into European risk assessment, cheminformatics and in vitro screening tests could be used as first approach to identify eco-neurotoxic pollutants. In a second step, a small species test battery could be applied to assess the risks of ecosystems.

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“…In field studies involving common loons and herring gulls that experienced much lower mercury exposures than measured in the aforementioned studies, no associations were reported. In addition, brain neurochemistry (i.e., NMDA and GABA receptor levels; glutamine synthetase and glutamic acid decarboxylase activity), hatchling neurobehavior, and neuropathology were not affected in white leghorn chickens and Japanese quail following in ovo methylmercury injection of fertilized eggs . The outcome of that study suggests that factors such as developmental stage of exposure and species may influence exposure‐biomarker relationships and warrant more attention.…”

Section: Applications Of Neurochemical Biomarkers Across Taxamentioning

confidence: 83%

Applications and implications of neurochemical biomarkers in environmental toxicology

Basu

2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Thousands of environmental contaminants have neurotoxic properties, but their ecological risk is poorly characterized. Contaminant-associated disruptions to animal behavior and reproduction, both of which are regulated by the nervous system, provide decision makers with compelling evidence of harm, but such apical endpoints are of limited predictive or harm-preventative value. Neurochemical biomarkers, which may be used to indicate subtle changes at the subcellular level, may help overcome these limitations. Neurochemical biomarkers have been used for decades in the human health sciences and are now gaining increased attention in the environmental realm. In the present review, the applications and implications of neurochemical biomarkers to the field of ecotoxicology are discussed. The review provides a brief introduction to neurochemistry, covers neurochemical-based adverse outcome pathways, discusses pertinent strengths and limitations of neurochemical biomarkers, and provides selected examples across invertebrate and vertebrate taxa (worms, bivalves, fish, terrestrial and marine mammals, and birds) to document contaminant-associated neurochemical disruption. With continued research and development, neurochemical biomarkers may increase understanding of the mechanisms that underlie injury to ecological organisms, complement other measures of neurological health, and be integrated into risk assessment practices. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:22-29. # 2014 SETAC

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Methylmercury egg injections: Part 2—Pathology, neurochemistry, and behavior in the avian embryo and hatchling

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

Investigating Endocrine and Physiological Parameters of Captive American Kestrels Exposed by Diet to Selected Organophosphate Flame Retardants

Investigating Endocrine and Physiological Parameters of Captive American Kestrels Exposed by Diet to Selected Organophosphate Flame Retardants

An ecotoxicological view on neurotoxicity assessment

Applications and implications of neurochemical biomarkers in environmental toxicology

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