Methylmercury accumulation, histopathology effects, and cholinesterase activity alterations in medaka (Oryzias latipes) following sublethal exposure to methylmercury chloride

Liao, Chunyang; Fu, Jianjie; Shi, Jianbo; Zhou, Qunfang; Yuan, Chun-Gang; Jiang, Guibin

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2006.03.009

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…6b and 7c) in 37% (Table 2). These alterations potentially disrupt gills' osmoregulatory function and they were already reported for fish exposed to many pollutants (Akaishi et al 2004;Elahee and Bhagwant 2007;Giari et al 2008;Liao et al 2006;Nero et al 2006;Oliveira Ribeiro et al 2000Thiyagarajah et al 1996;Thophon et al 2003). Gills alterations are not primarily associated with the presence of Hg dissolved in water; bioaccumulation in prey and biomagnification through food chain are the foremost processes associated with those alterations in predator fish H. malabaricus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Potential risks of natural mercury levels to wild predator fish in an Amazon reservoir

Silva

Neto

Assis

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that bioaccumulates in aquatic organisms and along food chain. Many studies have reported the problem of mercury exposure in aquatic systems from Amazon basin, but very few have focused on the potential risks to wild fish. The present study reports the bioaccumulation of mercury and alterations in target organs of the predator fish Hoplias malabaricus (traíra) from Samuel reservoir, Amazon basin, Northern Brazil. About 18% of fish had mercury levels in muscle exceeding the safe limit for ingestion through food, established by WHO (0.5 μg Hg g(-1)). Fish were separated in two groups according to mercury bioaccumulation in liver (<0.2 μg Hg g(-1)-group I and >0.2 μg Hg g(-1)-group II) for biomarker comparisons. Catalase activity and number of macrophage centers were statistically higher in group II, confirming the potential of Hg to interfere with redox balance and to recruit defense cells to the liver. Conversely, erythrocyte nuclear alterations were less frequent in group II, indicating a more rigorous selection of erythrocytes or hormesis pattern of response. Glutathione S-transferase activity, lipid peroxidation, and histopathological analyses were not statistically different in the liver and gills of both groups. Comparison of lipid peroxidation levels of these fish with others captured in Southern Brazil during another study and the high incidence of morphological alterations in the liver and gills suggest that the bioaccumulation of mercury during continuous exposure is posing potential risks to the species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Potential risks of natural mercury levels to wild predator fish in an Amazon reservoir

Silva

Neto

Assis

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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“…The liver concentrates the pollutants absorbed by the digestive tract and shows a high bioaccumulation capacity, mainly because of metallothioneins. Finally, Hg can be eliminated by bile (Hogstrand & Haux, 1991;Liao et al, 2006), reabsorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, and reach the liver, ending the enterohepatic circulation. In the present study, the higher OrgHg values in the liver in comparison to the gut exemplify the higher bioaccumulation potential by the former tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury distribution in different tissues and trophic levels of fish from a tropical reservoir, Brazil

et al. 2009

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Concentrations of organic (OrgHg) and inorganic mercury (InorgHg) were assessed in different fish tissues (liver, muscle, kidney, gut and gonads) and trophic levels collected in an impacted tropical reservoir in southeastern Brazil. Organic mercury concentrations in muscle were remarkably higher in the carnivorous species Hoplias malabaricus and Oligosarcus hepsetus. The ratios of OrgHg in relation to total mercury (%OrgHg) in muscle also varied according to the species trophic level: 93% for carnivores, 84% for omnivores, 73% for algivores/planktivores and 58% for detritivores. The %OrgHg in the gut tissue of carnivores (78%) was much higher than that found in omnivores (30%), possibly reflecting a process of trophic biomagnification in the reservoir. On the other hand, the InorgHg concentrations in muscle decreased with the trophic level increase, suggesting that this form of mercury did not biomagnify through the food web. Gonads contained the least total mercury, and approximately all of this mercury was represented by the organic form (83 to 98%). The kidney and the liver of all fish species contained less than 50% OrgHg. We suggest that the low %OrgHg in the liver is related to different capacities or strategies of OrgHg detoxification by the fish.Concentrações de mercúrio orgânico (OrgHg) e inorgânico (InorgHg) foram avaliadas em diferentes tecidos e níveis tróficos de peixes (fígado, músculo, rim, trato digestivo e gônadas) coletados em um reservatório tropical impactado, no sudeste do Brasil. Concentrações de OrgHg no músculo foram notavelmente maiores em carnívoros (Hoplias malabaricus e Oligosarcus hepsetus).As porcentagens de OrgHg em relação ao mercúrio total (%OrgHg) no músculo também variaram de acordo com o nível trófico das espécies: 93% para os carnívoros, 84% para os onívoros, 73% para os algívoros/planctívoros e 58% para os peixes detritívoros. Além disso, a %OrgHg encontrada no trato digestivo dos peixes carnívoros (78%) foi substancialmente superior a encontrada nos onívoros (30%), possivelmente refletindo um processo de biomagnificação trófica no reservatório. Por outro lado, as concentrações de InorgHg no músculo diminuíram com o aumento do nível trófico, sugerindo que esta forma do mercúrio não biomagnificou ao longo da cadeia alimentar. As gônadas apresentaram as menores concentrações de mercúrio total e grande parte deste estava na forma orgânica (83 a 98%). Por outro lado, rins e fígado de todas as espécies de peixes apresentaram menos que 50% de OrgHg. Sugere-se que a baixa %OrgHg no fígado possa estar relacionada às diferentes capacidades ou estratégias de destoxificação do OrgHg nesses peixes.

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“…Many studies dealt with the effect of mercuric chloride (MC) on fish focusing on its accumulation (Hilmy et al 1987;Voegborlo et al 2007;Zarnescu 2009), alteration of biochemical constituents (am and Sathyanesan 1984; Sastry and Rao 1984) and histopathological changes (Liao et al 2006) in different tissues of fish species. In addition, little studies were conducted of MC on the oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant defenses in fish organs (Bano and Hasan 1989; Akter 2007) in spite of the exceeded exposure of fish to such metals now and later due to the widespread of industrial pollutants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, mercuric chloride (MC) has been used in chemistry as an intermediate in the production of other mercuric compounds in agriculture as a fungicide. The toxic effects of mercury were studied in many species of fish (Wester and Canton 1992;Arabi and Alaeddini 2005;Liao et al 2006;Monteiro et al 2009). Leblond and Hontela (1999) studied the acute toxicity of mercury, zinc and cadmium in rainbow trout and reported that fish were more susceptible to mercury, followed by that of zinc and cadmium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological studies on the effect of copper nicotinate (Cu–N complex) on the fish, Clarias gariepinus, exposed to mercuric chloride

Al-Salahy

2010

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Female catfish, Clarias gariepinus, were collected from the Nile River at Assiut region, were divided into 7 groups. The first group was left as control, and the second was treated with mercuric chloride (MC) for 3 weeks following by normal water for 1 week. The third, fourth and fifth groups were provided by MC (150 μg/ l of water). This treatment was continued for 3 weeks. Then, the fish were received CN instead of MC, for 1 week, with 15 and 25 mg CN/100 g wet food. The fifth fish group received diet supplemented with vit E (α-tocopherol) (100 mg/kg wet diet), for 1 week, instead of MC treatment. Vitamin E was used as standard antioxidant drug. Following 3 weeks of normal ambient water, the sixth and seventh aquaria received only CN for 1 week, with 15 and 25 mg CN respectively/100 g wet food, respectively. At the end of the experiment, Samples of liver, kidneys (posterior part), gills (right gills) and ovary were excised. The measurement included the oxidative stress parameters: carbonyl protein and total peroxide and the antioxidant enzyme activities superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in all selected organs. MC treatment induced harmful effect in fish, probably due to its enhancing effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in fish organs especially the respiratory and osmoregulatory organs namely gills. The result suggests that this gill damage may exert hypoxic case, anoxia for different organs and some Cu excretion resulting in a magnification of ROS overproduction. Also, the observed oxidative stress in ovary tissue of MC-treated fish may affect fish fertility. The addition of CN in fish diets could protect the fish C. gariepinus against MC-induced oxidative damage showing recovery of fish organs. It could suggest that the detoxifying mechanism of action of CN is mainly due to its scavenging activity of free radicals rather than tissue healing.

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Methylmercury accumulation, histopathology effects, and cholinesterase activity alterations in medaka (Oryzias latipes) following sublethal exposure to methylmercury chloride

Cited by 42 publications

References 64 publications

Potential risks of natural mercury levels to wild predator fish in an Amazon reservoir

Potential risks of natural mercury levels to wild predator fish in an Amazon reservoir

Mercury distribution in different tissues and trophic levels of fish from a tropical reservoir, Brazil

Physiological studies on the effect of copper nicotinate (Cu–N complex) on the fish, Clarias gariepinus, exposed to mercuric chloride

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