Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphisms Related to Overweight/Obesity among Saudi Subjects from Qassim Region

Abstract

Abstract.Background: This work was planned to check for the association of polymorphisms related to methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) genes with overweight/obesity among Saudi subjects from Qassim region. Methods: This work included 130 subjects having overweight or obesity and 111 normal controls. Their age mean ± SD was 27 ± 9.8 and 24 ± 8.8 years respectively. Their DNA was analyzed for polymorphisms of MTHFR; 677C/T and 1298 A/C and ACE; I/D genes using real-time PCR. Results: Genotype and allele frequencies of studied polymorphisms in cases of overweight/obesity showed no significant statistical difference compared to that of controls. However, on analysis of body mass index (BMI), cases showed slightly higher but statistically nonsignificant mean ± SD values among those carrying the mutant MTHFR 677 T allele (CT + TT vs. CC, 30.7 ± 4.5 vs. 29.9 ± 4.9), 1298 C allele (AC + CC vs. AA, 29.9 ± 4.1 vs. 29.7 ± 5.5) and ACE D allele (ID + DD vs. II, 30.0 ± 5.1 vs. 29.1 ± 2.8). In addition controls having the DD and ID genotypes showed higher statistically significant values of BMI than those of the II genotype (22.0 ± 1.9, 21.7 ± 2.6 and 19.5 ± 2.3 respectively, p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is no solid association of polymorphisms related to MTHFR and ACE genes with non-complicated overweight or obesity among Saudi subjects from Qassim Region.

Gender-specific genetic associations of polymorphisms in ACE, AKR1C2, FTO and MMP2 with weight gain over a 10-year period

“…Associations between ACE I/D and obesity parameters show the same controversy regarding the risk allele. For instance, in the study of Bienertova-Vasku et al (2009), the II-genotype was found associated with the prevalence of obesity, whereas Settin et al (2009) reported a significantly higher BMI in D-allele carriers. It has also been shown that subjects with the D/D genotype lose less body fat with similar amounts of weight loss than I-allele carriers (Hamada et al 2011).…”

The TT Genotype of the MTHFR 677C>T Polymorphism Increases Susceptibility to Premature Coronary Artery Disease in Interaction with Some of the Traditional Risk Factors

“…There are conflicting results showing associations of MTHFR polymorphism and overweight or obesity (23)(24)(25). Some studies did not show such relations (23,24). However, some of them showed higher BMi and waist-to-hip ratio in healthy postmenopausal women being carriers of the 677C>T polymorphism compared to women with the CC genotype (25).…”

“…Recently, statistically higher levels of serum HCys were found in the overweight or obese individuals compared to subjects with normal BMi (22). There are conflicting results showing associations of MTHFR polymorphism and overweight or obesity (23)(24)(25). Some studies did not show such relations (23,24).…”

A meta-analysis of the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/ deletion gene polymorphism and the risk of overweight/obesity

“…28 Finally, comorbidities, gender, and ethnic background may affect the results. For example, one study by Settin et al 8 showed that there was no marked association between ACE I/D gene polymorphism and noncomplicated overweight/obesity risk, and two studies 5,20 demonstrated that the association between ACE I/D gene polymorphism and overweight/obesity risk was gender dependent. All these prove at least the existence of other factors affecting the role of ACE I/D gene polymorphism in the onset of overweight/obesity, which offers an insight into investigating the association between ACE I/D gene polymorphism and overweight/obesity risk in different populations.…”

“…Therefore, we included 12 studies 8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][17][18][19][20][21] in the sensitivity analysis.…”