Methylation of DNA in L cells on replication

Kiryanov, G. I.; Kirnos, M. D.; Demidkina, N.P.; Alexandrushkina, N. I.; Vanyushin, B. F.

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(80)80185-2

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Unlike methylation of ligated DNA products, methylation of Okazaki fragments was relatively resistant to various inhibitors of the methylation reaction (S isobutyladenosine and others) and it was not inhibited by hormones (auxins in plants). We concluded that the nucleus should contain a few DNA methyltrans ferases, each of them serving at a particular replication stage and differing from others in site specificity and sen sitivity to respective inhibitors [69,74]. This is now in a full agreement with modern data on the multiplicity of DNA methyltransferases in plant and animal cell.…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

Enzymatic DNA Methylation Is an Epigenetic Control for Genetic Functions of the Cell

Vanyushin

2005

Biochemistry (Moscow)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In eukaryotic cells nuclear DNA is subjected to enzymatic methylation resulting in formation of 5-methylcytosine residues mainly in CG and CNG sequences. In plants and animals, this DNA methylation is species-, tissue-, and organelle-specific. It changes (diminishes) with age and is regulated by hormones. On the other hand, genome methylation can control hormonal signal. There are replicative and post-replicative DNA methylations. They are served by multiple DNA-methyltransferases with different site specificity. Replication is accompanied by appearance of hemi-methylated sites in DNA; pronounced asymmetry of DNA chain methylation disappears at the end of the cell cycle; a model of regulation of replication by DNA methylation is suggested. DNA methylation controls all genetic processes in the cell (replication, transcription, DNA repair, recombination, gene transposition) and it is a mechanism of cell differentiation, gene discrimination, and silencing. Prohibition of DNA methylation stops development (embryogenesis), switches on apoptosis, and is usually lethal. Distortions in DNA methylations result in cancerous cell transformation, and the DNA methylation pattern is one of the safe cancer diagnostics at early stages of carcinogenesis. The malignant cell has a different DNA methylation pattern and a set of DNA-methyltransferase activities expressed as compared with normal cells. Inhibition of DNA methylation in plants is accompanied by induction of genes of seed storage proteins and flowering. In eukaryotes one and the same gene can be methylated both on cytosine and adenine residues; thus, there are, at least, two different and probably interdependent systems of DNA methylation in the cell. First higher eukaryotic adenine DNA-methyltransferase was isolated from plants; this enzyme methylates DNA with formation of N6-methyladenine residues in the sequence TGATCA --> TGm6ATCA. Plants have AdoMet-dependent endonucleases sensitive to DNA methylation status; therefore, like microorganisms, plants seem to have a restriction-modification (R-S) system. Revelation of an essential role of DNA methylation in the regulation of genetic processes has laid a foundation for and materialized epigenetics and epigenomics.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 63%

Enzymatic DNA Methylation Is an Epigenetic Control for Genetic Functions of the Cell

Vanyushin

2005

Biochemistry (Moscow)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[40][41][42][43] To assess when during the cell-cycle DNA methylation in PMDs and HMDs is maintained, we measured DNA methylation using a novel reduced representation method in human p51R mesenchymal cells (supplemental Figure 7), which are highly responsive to serum starvation-induced cell-cycle block. 44 Comparison of p51R cells that were cycling or blocked for 96 hours in G0/G1 by serum starvation ( Figure 7F) revealed that the genome of G0/G1-arrested cells was more methylated than that of cycling cells (P , .001, Wilcoxon rank sum test; Figure 7G) and exhibited fewer PMDs ( Figure 7H), covering 55.5% of the genome compared with 58% in cycling cells.…”

Section: Change Of Chromatin Structure During Erythroid Differentiatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of establishment and functional significance of DNA demethylation during erythroid differentiation

Bartholdy¹,

Lajugie²,

Yan³

et al. 2018

Blood Advances

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key Points• We have generated allele-specific base resolution methylomes of primary basophilic erythroblasts.• DNA demethylation during differentiation of HSPC into BasoE occurs mostly in inactive regions causing formation of PMD in 74% of methylome.Erythroid differentiation is associated with global DNA demethylation, but a complete methylome was lacking in the erythroid lineage. We have generated allele-specific base resolution methylomes of primary basophilic erythroblasts (BasoEs) and compared these with 8 other cell types. We found that DNA demethylation during differentiation from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) to BasoEs occurred predominantly in intergenic sequences and in inactive gene bodies causing the formation of partially methylated domains (PMDs) in 74% of the BasoE methylome. Moreover, differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between HSPCs and BasoEs occurred mostly in putative enhancer regions and were most often associated with GATA, EKLF, and AP1 binding motifs. Surprisingly, promoters silent in both HSPCs and BasoEs exhibited much more dramatic chromatin changes during differentiation than activated promoters. Unmethylated silent promoters were often associated with active chromatin states in highly methylated domains (HMDs) but with polycomb-repression in PMDs, indicating that silent promoters are generally regulated differently in HMDs and PMDs. We show that long PMDs replicate late, but that short PMDs replicate early and therefore that the partial methylation of DNA after replication during erythroid expansion occurs throughout S phase of the cell cycle. We propose that baseline maintenance methylation following replication decreases during erythroid differentiation resulting in PMD formation and that the presence of HMDs in the BasoE methylome results from transcription-associated DNA methylation of gene bodies. We detected ;700 large allele-specific DMRs that were enriched in single-nucleotide polymorphisms, suggesting that primary DNA sequence might be a determinant of DNA methylation levels within PMDs.

show abstract

“…This enzymatic DNA modification in bacteria is an essential element of the host modification and restriction systems and it is involved often in the regulation of replication and transcription. m 6 A was also found in DNA of eukaryotes such as protozoa [2–7], slime molds [8], fungi [9], algae [10] and higher plants [11]. While the attempts to isolate this base from different animal DNA were unsuccessful [12] there is some indirect evidence of the possible presence of m 6 A in mammalian DNA [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N⁶‐Adenine DNA‐methyltransferase in wheat seedlings

Fedoreyeva

Vanyushin

2002

FEBS Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The N 6 -adenine DNA-methyltransferase was isolated from the vacuolar vesicle fraction of wheat coleoptiles. In the presence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine the enzyme de novo methylates the first adenine residue in the TGATCA sequence in the single-or double-stranded DNA substrates but it prefers single-stranded structures. Wheat adenine DNA-methyltransferase (wadmtase) is a Mg 2+ -or Ca 2+ -dependent enzyme with a maximum activity at pH 7.5^8.0. Wadmtase seems to be responsible for mitochondrial DNA modification that might be involved in the regulation of replication of mitochondria in plants. ß

show abstract

Methylation of DNA in L cells on replication

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Enzymatic DNA Methylation Is an Epigenetic Control for Genetic Functions of the Cell

Enzymatic DNA Methylation Is an Epigenetic Control for Genetic Functions of the Cell

Mechanisms of establishment and functional significance of DNA demethylation during erythroid differentiation

N⁶‐Adenine DNA‐methyltransferase in wheat seedlings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Methylation of DNA in L cells on replication

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Enzymatic DNA Methylation Is an Epigenetic Control for Genetic Functions of the Cell

Enzymatic DNA Methylation Is an Epigenetic Control for Genetic Functions of the Cell

Mechanisms of establishment and functional significance of DNA demethylation during erythroid differentiation

N6‐Adenine DNA‐methyltransferase in wheat seedlings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

N⁶‐Adenine DNA‐methyltransferase in wheat seedlings