Methyl Oleate Synthesis by TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalytic Esterification of Oleic Acid: Optimisation by Response Surface Quadratic Methodology, Reaction Kinetics and Thermodynamics

Welter, Rosilene Andrea; Santana, Harrson Silva; Torre, Lucimara Gaziola le ta; Robertson, Mark; Taranto, Osvaldir Pereira; Oelgemöller, Michael

doi:10.1002/cptc.202200007

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…Table 3 indicates the ANOVA results for the yield of OA to biodiesel. At the 95% confidence level, the regression model's F-value (Fischer test, which determines the significance of the chosen model and individual parameter affecting the response) of 295.47 and p-value < 0.0001 (probability of error, with < 0.05 representing significance) shows that it is statistically significant 62 , 63 . As shown in Table 3 , A, C, D, AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD, A 2 , B 2 , C 2 , and D 2 are significant, while B is not a significant model term.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted biodiesel production using bio-waste catalyst and process optimization using response surface methodology and kinetic study

Devasan

Ruatpuia

Gouda

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Providing sufficient energy supply and reducing the effects of global warming are serious challenges in the present decades. In recent years, biodiesel has been viewed as an alternative to exhaustible fossil fuels and can potentially reduce global warming. Here we report for the first time the production of biodiesel from oleic acid (OA) as a test substrate using porous sulfonic acid functionalized banana peel waste as a heterogeneous catalyst under microwave irradiation. The morphology and chemical composition of the catalyst was investigated using Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Scanning electron microscopy- Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX). The SEM–EDX analysis of the catalyst revealed the presence of sulfur in 4.62 wt% amounting to 1.4437 mmol g−1 sulfonic acids, which is accorded to the high acidity of the reported catalyst. Using response surface methodology (RSM), through a central composite design (CCD) approach, 97.9 ± 0.7% biodiesel yield was observed under the optimized reaction conditions (methanol to OA molar ratio of 20:1, the temperature of 80 °C, catalyst loading of 8 wt% for 55 min). The catalyst showed excellent stability on repeated reuse and can be recycled at least 5 times without much activity loss.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted biodiesel production using bio-waste catalyst and process optimization using response surface methodology and kinetic study

Devasan

Ruatpuia

Gouda

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Tere have been numerous studies on the esterifcation of oleic acid conducted at both mild and supercritical temperatures. However, it is frequently observed that the increase in temperature has been found to be advantageous, as demonstrated by Tesser et al [43], Hassan and Vinjamur [44], and Welter et al [45]. Higher temperatures and pressures increase the kinetic energy of molecules, improving the frequency of efective collisions and resulting in higher conversion values.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Operating Variables Of The Atomizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Esterification of Oleic Acid for Biodiesel Production Using a Semibatch Atomization Apparatus

Deus,

Lira

et al. 2023

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Although biodiesel production is undoubtedly a mature technology, there are still ways to improve it, especially through process intensification. The present study investigated the esterification of oleic acid with ethanol for biodiesel production in a nonconventional atomization reactor. The effects of the oleic acid flow rate (1.3, 2.6, and 3.9 g/min), atomization pressure (50, 100, and 150 kPa), and temperature (323, 333, and 343 K) were evaluated by a complete factorial experimental design. The size of droplets was determined by computational image processing. A mathematical model was also developed to describe the conversion of oleic acid to ethyl ester as a function of molar concentration of components and operating conditions of the reactor. A hybrid estimation of parameters (pre-exponential factor, activation energy, and equilibrium and solubility constants) was performed using particle swarm optimization followed by the Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno method. The Pareto analysis has shown that the increase in temperature in the reactor and the increase in atomization pressure have improved the conversion of oleic acid. Higher pressure values in the atomization nozzle led to the generation of small oleic acid droplets, which accelerated reagent consumption during the reaction. On the other hand, conversion values were reduced by increasing the oleic acid flow rate. The highest conversion of oleic acid (86.7%) was obtained under the following reaction conditions: temperature of 343 K, atomization pressure of 150 kPa, oleic acid flow rate equal to 1.3 g/min using 0.7% sulfuric acid (mol of sulfuric acid/mol of oleic acid), and 2 h of reaction time. The simulations showed that esterification is governed by temperature, but it is possible to observe that the atomization pressure affects more conversion of oleic acid under a low temperature (<323 K).

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“…More recently their application as part of biofuel is reported [ 143 ]. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) can be obtained by photocatalytic esterification to produce biodiesel [ 144 , 145 , 146 ].…”

Section: Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Transformation of Biomass and Biomass Derived Compounds—Application to Organic Synthesis

Fernandez

Hoffmann

2023

Molecules

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Biomass and biomass-derived compounds have become an important alternative feedstock for chemical industry. They may replace fossil feedstocks such as mineral oil and related platform chemicals. These compounds may also be transformed conveniently into new innovative products for the medicinal or the agrochemical domain. The production of cosmetics or surfactants as well as materials for different applications are examples for other domains where new platform chemicals obtained from biomass can be used. Photochemical and especially photocatalytic reactions have recently been recognized as being important tools of organic chemistry as they make compounds or compound families available that cannot be or are difficultly synthesized with conventional methods of organic synthesis. The present review gives a short overview with selected examples on photocatalytic reactions of biopolymers, carbohydrates, fatty acids and some biomass-derived platform chemicals such as furans or levoglucosenone. In this article, the focus is on application to organic synthesis.

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Methyl Oleate Synthesis by TiO₂ Photocatalytic Esterification of Oleic Acid: Optimisation by Response Surface Quadratic Methodology, Reaction Kinetics and Thermodynamics

Cited by 10 publications

References 77 publications

Microwave-assisted biodiesel production using bio-waste catalyst and process optimization using response surface methodology and kinetic study

Microwave-assisted biodiesel production using bio-waste catalyst and process optimization using response surface methodology and kinetic study

Esterification of Oleic Acid for Biodiesel Production Using a Semibatch Atomization Apparatus

Photocatalytic Transformation of Biomass and Biomass Derived Compounds—Application to Organic Synthesis

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Methyl Oleate Synthesis by TiO2 Photocatalytic Esterification of Oleic Acid: Optimisation by Response Surface Quadratic Methodology, Reaction Kinetics and Thermodynamics

Cited by 10 publications

References 77 publications

Microwave-assisted biodiesel production using bio-waste catalyst and process optimization using response surface methodology and kinetic study

Microwave-assisted biodiesel production using bio-waste catalyst and process optimization using response surface methodology and kinetic study

Esterification of Oleic Acid for Biodiesel Production Using a Semibatch Atomization Apparatus

Photocatalytic Transformation of Biomass and Biomass Derived Compounds—Application to Organic Synthesis

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Methyl Oleate Synthesis by TiO₂ Photocatalytic Esterification of Oleic Acid: Optimisation by Response Surface Quadratic Methodology, Reaction Kinetics and Thermodynamics