Methyl-Nitrocatechols: Atmospheric Tracer Compounds for Biomass Burning Secondary Organic Aerosols

Iinuma, Yoshiteru; Böge, Olaf; Gräfe, Ricarda; Herrmann, Hartmut

doi:10.1021/es102938a

Cited by 267 publications

(341 citation statements)

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“…Secondary nitrated phenols were produced from precursors along with the formation of O 3 and secondary inorganic aerosols. Secondary formation was shown to be an important source of nitrated phenols in atmosphere in recent field and modeling studies (Harrison et al, 2005b;Iinuma et al, 2010;Yuan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent decades, nitrated phenols have drawn attention because of their prevalence in biomass burning plumes (Kahnt et al, 2013;Mohr et al, 2013). Due to the good correlation with levoglucosan, Iinuma et al (2010) pointed out that NCs could be a reasonable tracer for biomass burning events. In addition to biomass burning, other combustion activities (e.g., coal, gasoline) are possible sources of nitrated phenols (Nojima et al, 1983;Tremp et al, 1993;Yan et al, 2015); their contributions, however, have not yet been well evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observations of fine particulate nitrated phenols in four sites in northern China: concentrations, source apportionment, and secondary formation

Wang

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Filter samples of fine particulate matters were collected at four sites in northern China (urban, rural, and mountain) in summer and winter, and the contents of nine nitrated phenols were quantified in the laboratory with the use of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. During the sampling periods, the concentrations of particulate nitrated phenols exhibited distinct temporal and spatial variation. On average, the total concentration of particulate nitrated phenols in urban Jinan in the wintertime reached 48.4 ng m −3 , and those in the summertime were 9.8, 5.7, 5.9, and 2.5 ng m −3 in urban Jinan, rural Yucheng and Wangdu, and Mt. Tai, respectively. The elevated concentrations of nitrated phenols in wintertime and in urban areas demonstrate the apparent influences of anthropogenic sources. The positive matrix factorization receptor model was then applied to determine the origins of particulate nitrated phenols in northern China. The five major source factors were traffic, coal combustion, biomass burning, secondary formation, and aged coal combustion plume. Among them, coal combustion played a vital role, especially at the urban site in the wintertime, with a contribution of around 55 %. In the summertime, the observed nitrated phenols were highly influenced by aged coal combustion plumes at all of the sampling sites. Meanwhile, in remote areas, contributions from secondary formation were significant. Further correlation analysis indicates that nitrosalicylic acids were produced mostly from secondary formation that was dominated by NO 2 nitration.

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Section: Temporal and Spatial Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observations of fine particulate nitrated phenols in four sites in northern China: concentrations, source apportionment, and secondary formation

Wang

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…In WSOC samples collected during winter seasons, such as those from PV during IBB, S. Paulo, Buenos Aires, Lima, or Aveiro, these type of structural features are probably matching the presence of breakdown products resulting from the pyrolysis of lignin, such as phenols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, and alcohols, generally with the same substituent pattern on the aromatic rings as the precursor aromatic alcohols from which they were derived . Once in the atmosphere, these structures can also undergo photooxidation, originating highly oxidized aromatic SOA species (Iinuma et al, 2010). Nevertheless, other aromatic structures with a secondary origin can resonate in this NMR region, such as terephthalic acid, nitrophenyl-derived compounds, cinnamic acid and/or cinnamaldehyde, possibly formed during the oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons from urban traffic emissions (Hallquist et al, 2009;Chalbot et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2014).…”

Section: Proton ( 1 H) Functional Group Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural signatures of water-soluble organic aerosols in contrasting environments in South America and Western Europe

Duarte

Matos

Paula

et al. 2017

Environmental Pollution

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“…Many papers highlight important anthropogenic ON sources (e.g. Cornell et al, 2001;Mace et al, 2003c;Chen et al, 2010;Iinuma et al, 2010;Rastogi et al, 2011;Zamora et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2012;Kourtchev et al, 2014;Violaki and Mihalopoulos, 2010;Cape et al, 2004;Bencs et al, 2009 (Zhang et al, 2012;Cape et al, 2004;Srinivas et al, 2011). This points to an atmospheric processing of ON similar to that of reduced nitrogen, or to similar sources .…”

Section: Organic Nitrogen Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of global change during the 21st century on the nitrogen cycle

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The global nitrogen (N) cycle at the beginning of the 21st century has been shown to be strongly influenced by the inputs of reactive nitrogen (N r ) from human activities, including combustion-related NO x , industrial and agricultural N fixation, estimated to be 220 Tg N yr −1 in 2010, which is approximately equal to the sum of biological N fixation in unmanaged terrestrial and marine ecosystems. According to current projections, changes in climate and land use during the 21st century will increase both biological and anthropogenic fixation, bringing the total to approximately 600 Tg N yr −1 by around 2100. The fraction contributed directly by human activities is unlikely to increase substantially if increases in nitrogen use efficiency in agriculture are achieved and control measures on combustion-related emissions implemented.Some N-cycling processes emerge as particularly sensitive to climate change. One of the largest responses to climate in the processing of N r is the emission to the atmosphere of NH 3 , which is estimated to increase from 65 Tg N yr −1 in 2008 to 93 Tg N yr −1 in 2100 assuming a change in global surface temperature of 5 • C in the absence of increased anthropogenic activity. With changes in emissions in response to increased demand for animal products the combined effect would be to increase NH 3 emissions to 135 Tg N yr −1 . Another major change is the effect of climate changes on aerosol composition and specifically the increased sublimation of NH 4 NO 3 close to the ground to form HNO 3 and NH 3 in a warmer climate, which deposit more rapidly to terrestrial surfaces than aerosols. Inorganic aerosols over the polluted regions especially in Europe and North America were dominated by (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 in the 1970s to 1980s, and large reductions in emissions of SO 2 have removed most of the SO 2− 4 from the atmosphere in these regions. Inorganic aerosols from anthropogenic emissions are now dominated by NH 4 NO 3 , a volatile aerosol which contributes substantially to PM 10 and human health effects globally as well as eutrophication and climate effects. The volatility of NH 4 NO 3 and rapid dry deposition of the vapour phase dissociation Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. D. Fowler et al.: Effects of global change during the 21st century on the nitrogen cycleproducts, HNO 3 and NH 3 , is estimated to be reducing the transport distances, deposition footprints and inter-country exchange of N r in these regions.There have been important policy initiatives on components of the global N cycle. These have been regional or country-based and have delivered substantial reductions of inputs of N r to sensitive soils, waters and the atmosphere. To date there have been no attempts to develop a global strategy to regulate human inputs to the nitrogen cycle. However, considering the magnitude of global N r use, potential future increases, and the very large leakage of N r in many forms to soils, waters and the atmosphere, international action is re...

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Methyl-Nitrocatechols: Atmospheric Tracer Compounds for Biomass Burning Secondary Organic Aerosols

Cited by 267 publications

References 48 publications

Observations of fine particulate nitrated phenols in four sites in northern China: concentrations, source apportionment, and secondary formation

Observations of fine particulate nitrated phenols in four sites in northern China: concentrations, source apportionment, and secondary formation

Structural signatures of water-soluble organic aerosols in contrasting environments in South America and Western Europe

Effects of global change during the 21st century on the nitrogen cycle

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