Methyl chloride and C2–C5 hydrocarbon emissions from dry leaf litter and their dependence on temperature

Derendorp, Leonie; Holzinger, Rupert; Wishkerman, Asher; Keppler, Frank; Röckmann, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.03.016

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This process is believed to account for the majority of ethene production from rice fields, as evidenced from control experiment fluxes (Redeker et al, 2003). A separate abiotic production mechanism for ethene and propene has recently been reported from dry leaf litter, with emission rates increasing with temperature (Derendorp et al, 2011). However, these abiotic production rates were estimated to be insignificant in their global budgets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Ethene, propene, butene and isoprene emissions from a ponderosa pine forest measured by relaxed eddy accumulation

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Alkenes are reactive hydrocarbons that influence local and regional atmospheric chemistry by playing important roles in the photochemical production of tropospheric ozone and in the formation of secondary organic aerosols. The simplest alkene, ethene (ethylene), is a major plant hormone and ripening agent for agricultural commodities. The group of light alkenes (C 2 -C 4 ) originates from both biogenic and anthropogenic sources, but their biogenic sources are poorly characterized, with limited field-based flux observations. Here we report net ecosystem fluxes of light alkenes and isoprene from a semiarid ponderosa pine forest in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, USA using the relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) technique during the summer of 2014. Ethene, propene, butene and isoprene emissions have strong diurnal cycles, with median daytime fluxes of 123, 95, 39 and 17 µg m −2 h −1 , respectively. The fluxes were correlated with each other, followed general ecosystem trends of CO 2 and water vapor, and showed similar sunlight and temperature response curves as other biogenic VOCs. The May through October flux, based on measurements and modeling, averaged 62, 52, 24 and 18 µg m −2 h −1 for ethene, propene, butene and isoprene, respectively. The light alkenes contribute significantly to the overall biogenic source of reactive hydrocarbons: roughly 18 % of the dominant biogenic VOC, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol. The measured ecosystem scale fluxes are 40-80 % larger than estimates used for global emissions models for this type of ecosystem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Ethene, propene, butene and isoprene emissions from a ponderosa pine forest measured by relaxed eddy accumulation

et al. 2017

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“…However, current estimates of the CH 3 Cl global budget and the apportionment between sources and sinks are still highly uncertain. Known natural sources of CH 3 Cl include tropical plants (Yokouchi et al, 2002(Yokouchi et al, , 2007Umezawa et al, 2015), wood-rotting fungi (Harper, 1985), oceans (Moore et al, 1996;Kolusu et al, 2017), plants of salt marshes (Rhew et al, 2000(Rhew et al, , 2003, aerated and flooded soil (Redeker et al, 2000;Keppler et al, 2000), senescent leaves and leaf litter (Hamilton et al, 2003;Derendorp et al, 2011) and wildfires. Anthropogenic CH 3 Cl release to the atmosphere comes from the combustion of coal and biomass with minor emissions from cattle (Williams et al, 1999) and humans (Keppler et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A potentially powerful tool in the investigation of the budgets of atmospheric volatile organic compounds is the use of stable isotope ratios (Brenninkmeijer et al, 2003;Gensch et al, 2014). The general approach is that the atmospheric isotope ratio of a compound (e.g., CH 3 Cl) is considered to be equal the sum of isotopic fluxes from all sources corrected for kinetic isotopic fractionations that happen in sink processes:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometric measurement of hydrogen isotope fractionation for the reactions of chloromethane with OH and Cl

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Chloromethane (CH3Cl) is an important provider of chlorine to the stratosphere but detailed knowledge of its budget is missing. Stable isotope analysis is a potentially powerful tool to constrain CH3Cl flux estimates. The largest degree of isotope fractionation is expected to occur for deuterium in CH3Cl in the hydrogen abstraction reactions with its main sink reactant tropospheric OH and its minor sink reactant Cl atoms. We determined the isotope fractionation by stable hydrogen isotope analysis of the fraction of CH3Cl remaining after reaction with hydroxyl and chlorine radicals in a 3.5 m3 Teflon smog chamber at 293 ± 1 K. We measured the stable hydrogen isotope values of the unreacted CH3Cl using compound-specific thermal conversion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The isotope fractionations of CH3Cl for the reactions with hydroxyl and chlorine radicals were found to be -264±45 and -280±11 ‰, respectively. For comparison, we performed similar experiments using methane (CH4) as the target compound with OH and obtained a fractionation constant of -205±6 ‰ which is in good agreement with values previously reported. The observed large kinetic isotope effects are helpful when employing isotopic analyses of CH3Cl in the atmosphere to improve our knowledge of its atmospheric budget.

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“…However, current estimates of the CH 3 Cl global budget and the apportionment between sources and sinks are still highly uncertain. Known natural sources of CH 3 Cl include tropical plants (Yokouchi et al, 2002(Yokouchi et al, , 2007Umezawa et al, 2015), wood-rotting fungi (Harper, 1985), oceans (Moore et al, 1996;Kolusu et al, 2017), plants of salt marshes (Rhew et al, 2000(Rhew et al, , 2003, aerated and flooded soil (Redeker et al, 2000;Keppler et al, 2000), senescent leaves and leaf litter Derendorp et al, 2011) and wildfires. Anthropogenic CH 3 Cl release to the atmosphere comes from the combustion of coal and biomass with minor emissions from cattle (Williams et al, 1999) and humans (Keppler et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Keppler¹

2018

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Chloromethane (CH 3 Cl) is an important provider of chlorine to the stratosphere but detailed knowledge of its budget is missing. Stable isotope analysis is a potentially powerful tool to constrain CH 3 Cl flux estimates. The largest degree of isotope fractionation is expected to occur for deuterium in CH 3 Cl in the hydrogen abstraction reactions with its main sink reactant tropospheric OH and its minor sink reactant Cl atoms. We determined the isotope fractionation by stable hydrogen isotope analysis of the fraction of CH 3 Cl remaining after reaction with hydroxyl and chlorine radicals in a 3.5 m 3 Teflon smog chamber at 293 ± 1 K. We measured the stable hydrogen isotope values of the unreacted CH 3 Cl using compound-specific thermal conversion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The isotope fractionations of CH 3 Cl for the reactions with hydroxyl and chlorine radicals were found to be −264±45 and −280±11 ‰, respectively. For comparison, we performed similar experiments using methane (CH 4 ) as the target compound with OH and obtained a fractionation constant of −205 ± 6 ‰ which is in good agreement with values previously reported. The observed large kinetic isotope effects are helpful when employing isotopic analyses of CH 3 Cl in the atmosphere to improve our knowledge of its atmospheric budget.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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Methyl chloride and C2–C5 hydrocarbon emissions from dry leaf litter and their dependence on temperature

Cited by 33 publications

References 40 publications

Ethene, propene, butene and isoprene emissions from a ponderosa pine forest measured by relaxed eddy accumulation

Ethene, propene, butene and isoprene emissions from a ponderosa pine forest measured by relaxed eddy accumulation

Mass spectrometric measurement of hydrogen isotope fractionation for the reactions of chloromethane with OH and Cl

Response to referee#2

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