Methotrexate-Loaded Gelatin and Polyvinyl Alcohol (Gel/PVA) Hydrogel as a pH-Sensitive Matrix

Abstract

The aim was to formulate and evaluate Gel/PVA hydrogels as a pH-sensitive matrix to deliver methotrexate (MTX) to colon. The primed Gel/PVA hydrogels were subjected to evaluation for swelling behavior, diffusion coefficient, sol-gel characteristic and porosity using an acidic (pH 1.2) and phosphate buffer (PBS) (pH 6.8 & pH 7.4) media. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed to evaluate the chemical compatibility of the Gel/PVA hydrogel. The shape alteration and release of Gel/PVA hydrogel was conducted at pH 1.2, pH 6.8 and pH 7.4. The drug release kinetic mechanism was determined using various kinetic equations. The physicochemical evaluation tests and drug release profile results were found to be significant (p < 0.01). However, it was dependent on the polymers’ concentration, the pH of the release media and the amount of the cross-linking agent. Hydrogels containing the maximum amount of gel showed a dynamic equilibrium of 10.09 ± 0.18 and drug release of 93.75 ± 0.13% at pH 1.2. The kinetic models showed the release of MTX from the Gel/PVA hydrogel was non-Fickian. The results confirmed that the newly formed Gel/PVA hydrogels are potential drug delivery systems for a controlled delivery of MTX to the colon.

Chitosan-Coated 5-Fluorouracil Incorporated Emulsions as Transdermal Drug Delivery Matrices

“…To determine the stability of the emulsions, various temperatures (5 °C, 25 °C and 40 °C) were employed up to 30 days for a visual observation of any cracking, creaming or phase separation [ 28 ].…”

An Injectable Hybrid Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA)/Phenyl Isothiocyanate-Modified Gelatin (Gel-Phe) Bioadhesive for Oral/Dental Hemostasis Applications

“…Gelatin is a natural polymer obtained from denatured collagen. Gelatin's structure, similar to collagen, endows it with biocompatible and biodegradable properties-such as bioadhesives, drug carriers, or substrates in biomedical applications [21][22][23]. Moreover, a gelatin hydrogel offers a hemostatic function because it could swell through the absorption of blood, promote the aggregation of platelets, and then activate the platelets to accelerate the blood clotting [24].…”

Fabrication of Tizanidine Loaded Patches Using Flaxseed Oil and Coriander Oil as a Penetration Enhancer for Transdermal Delivery

“…Inside the drug, the intermolecular spaces are bigger compared to those between drug and polymer, but the polymers physically interact with the drug’s electrostatic movement [ 51 ]. The in vitro study of the drug is critical before it’s in vivo release [ 52 ]. A formulation containing a low amount of thiolated chitosan has a high lag time, low permeability, and a low enhancement ratio compared with a formulation having a higher amount of thiolated chitosan.…”