Methods to estimate underlying blood pressure: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Balakrishnan, Poojitha; Beaty, Terri; Young, J. Hunter; Colantuoni, Elizabeth; Matsushita, Kunihiro

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179234

“…Covariate-time interaction terms were also used as covariates. To consider underlying risks related to blood pressure, values of 10 and 5 mmHg were constantly added to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, in participants treated for hypertension [19,20]. Adjusted means and 95% con dence intervals for annual eGFR changes were estimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Differences in the Relationships between Risk Factors and Loss of Kidney Function: a General Population Cohort Study

Toyama

¹

,

Kitagawa²,

Oda

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Annual decline in kidney function is a widely applied surrogate outcome of renal failure. It is important to understand the relationships between known risk factors and the annual decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) according to baseline age; however, these remain unclear.Methods: A community-based retrospective cohort study of adults who underwent annual medical examinations between 1999 and 2013 was conducted. The participants were stratified into different age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥80 years) to assess the risk for loss of kidney function. A mixed-effects model was used to estimate the association between risk factors and annual changes in eGFR.Results: A total of 51,938 participants were included in the analysis. The age group of ≥80 years included 8,127 individuals. The mean annual change in eGFR was -0.39 (95% confidence interval -0.41 to -0.37) mL/min/1.73 m2 per year. Older age was related to faster loss of kidney function. In the older age group, higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and current smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function (p trend <0.01, 0.03, and <0.01, respectively). Conversely, each age group showed similar annual loss of kidney function related to lower hemoglobin levels and diabetes mellitus (p trend 0.47 and 0.17, respectively).Conclusions: Higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function, and greater effect size was observed in the older participants. More risk assessments for older people are required for personalized care.

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“…Covariate-time interaction terms were also used as covariates. To consider underlying risks related to blood pressure, values of 10 and 5 mmHg were constantly added to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, in participants treated for hypertension [20,21]. Adjusted means and 95% con dence intervals for annual eGFR changes were estimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Differences in the Relationships between Risk Factors and Loss of Kidney Function: a General Population Cohort Study

Toyama

¹

,

Kitagawa²,

Oda

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Annual decline in kidney function is a widely applied surrogate outcome of renal failure. It is important to understand the relationships between known risk factors and the annual decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) according to baseline age; however, these remain unclear.Methods: A community-based retrospective cohort study of adults who underwent annual medical examinations between 1999 and 2013 was conducted. The participants were stratified into different age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥80 years) to assess the risk for loss of kidney function. A mixed-effects model was used to estimate the association between risk factors and annual changes in eGFR.Results: A total of 51,938 participants were included in the analysis. The age group of ≥80 years included 8,127 individuals. The mean annual change in eGFR was -0.39 (95% confidence interval -0.41 to -0.37) mL/min/1.73 m2 per year. Older age was related to faster loss of kidney function. In the older age group, higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and current smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function (p trend <0.01, 0.03, and <0.01, respectively). Conversely, each age group showed similar annual loss of kidney function related to lower hemoglobin levels and diabetes mellitus (p trend 0.47 and 0.17, respectively).Conclusions: Higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function, and greater effect size was observed in the older participants. More risk assessments for older people are required for personalized care.

show abstract

“…Similarly, covariatetime interaction terms were used as covariates. To consider underlying risks related to blood pressure, values of 10 and 5 mmHg were constantly added to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, in participants treated for hypertension [20,21]. Adjusted means and 95% con dence intervals (CIs) for annual changes in eGFR were estimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Differences in the Relationships between Risk Factors and Loss of Kidney Function: A General Population Cohort Study

Toyama

¹

,

Kitagawa²,

Oda

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Annual decline in kidney function is a widely applied surrogate outcome of renal failure. It is important to understand the relationships between known risk factors and the annual decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) according to baseline age; however, these remain unclear.Methods: A community-based retrospective cohort study of adults who underwent annual medical examinations between 1999 and 2013 was conducted. The participants were stratified into different age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥80 years) to assess the risk for loss of kidney function. A mixed-effects model was used to estimate the association between risk factors and annual changes in eGFR.Results: In total, 51,938 participants were included in the analysis. The age group of ≥80 years included 8,127 individuals. The mean annual change in eGFR was -0.39 (95% confidence interval: -0.41 to -0.37) mL/min/1.73 m2 per year. Older age was related to faster loss of kidney function. In the older age group, higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and current smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function (p trend <0.01, 0.03, and <0.01, respectively). Conversely, each age group showed similar annual loss of kidney function related to lower hemoglobin levels and diabetes mellitus (p trend 0.47 and 0.17, respectively).Conclusions: Higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function, and a greater effect size was observed in the older participants. More risk assessments for older people are required for personalized care.

show abstract

Methods to estimate underlying blood pressure: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

Age Differences in the Relationships between Risk Factors and Loss of Kidney Function: a General Population Cohort Study

Age Differences in the Relationships between Risk Factors and Loss of Kidney Function: a General Population Cohort Study

Age Differences in the Relationships between Risk Factors and Loss of Kidney Function: a General Population Cohort Study

Age Differences in the Relationships between Risk Factors and Loss of Kidney Function: A General Population Cohort Study

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