Methods to Estimate Erosion in Sedimentary Basins

Abstract

Net erosion, the difference between the present‐day and maximum burial depths of a reference unit, may have a major impact on hydrocarbon prospectivity in a sedimentary basin. Erosion may affect all the components of a petroleum system, from source rock to reservoir to seal. In most cases, vitrinite reflectance (VR), temperature and sonic velocity data, which are often readily available, can be used to determine net erosion in a region based on the thermal and mechanical evolution of sedimentary layers with burial. This paper revisits these methods and discusses the determination of net erosion from these datasets. Furthermore, it is shown that a closer look at the data is warranted if the estimates derived from complementary VR/temperature and velocity datasets significantly diverge. Such differences can be reconciled by critically examining the datasets and the regional geology, resulting in erosion estimates from both datasets which are within 100 m of each other. Lastly, a fully automated, process‐driven method combined with multi‐objective optimization algorithms and that takes all three datasets into account is showcased while determining net erosion for three wells located in the Norwegian Barents Sea. One of the benefits of this method is that it explores a wide range of likely scenarios that would best match the different datasets. Furthermore, the method can also automatically flag datasets that are inconsistent with each other by returning an overall low fit score. These datasets can then be critically examined to determine their reliability and to arrive at a more consistent erosion estimate, reducing the error margin to about 100 m.

Assessment of Oil and Gas Potential in Vychegda Trough in Connection with the Identification of Potential Petroleum Systems

“…The potential of the Domanic Horizon started to be realized from the Middle Permian, but the intensity of OM to HC conversion remains at a low level. One of the main points in modeling sedimentary basins is the determination of erosion events of accumulated sediments [84], as they are associated with the formation of unconformity.…”

“…The modeling results demonstrate the presence of two unconformities in the section of the Keltma-1 well: between the Vendian and Upper Paleozoic complexes, as well as between the Permian and Quaternary sediments (Figure 34). The key conclusion is the One of the main points in modeling sedimentary basins is the determination of erosion events of accumulated sediments [84], as they are associated with the formation of unconformity.…”