Methods of Synthesis of Silicate-Containing Clinker Dental Cement

Abstract

The article provides an overview of modern cements used in dentistry with an emphasis on silicate cements such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The basic requirements for dental cements are given, including their safety, adhesion to tooth tissues, resistance to various influences and thermal properties. 
 The article analyzes in detail the composition and properties of industrial white Portland cement used in construction, in comparison with the characteristics of dental silicate cements. The general issues of the synthesis of high-base calcium silicates used in dentistry are considered from the standpoint of the chemical technology of Portland cement. The mineralogical composition and hydration processes of various cement components, their effect on tooth color and other properties are discussed. 
 The methods of reducing the temperature and increasing the rate of formation of calcium silicates, common in the technology of dental cements and in the production of Portland cement, are indicated. It is assumed that it is possible to accelerate solid-phase synthesis in the range of 1250-1350 °C with a special method of introducing mineralizers proposed at the V.G. Shukhov BSTU for the synthesis of white Portland cement, provided it is adapted for dental formulations.