Methods of Soil Resampling to Monitor Changes in the Chemical Concentrations of Forest Soils

Lawrence, Gregory B.; Fernandez, Ivan J.; Hazlett, P. W.; Bailey, Scott W.; Ross, Donald S.; Villars, Thomas R.; Quintana, Angelica; Ouimet, Rock; McHale, Michael R.; Johnson, Chris E.; Briggs, Russell D.; Colter, Robert A.; Siemion, Jason; Bartlett, Olivia L.; Vargas, Olga; Antidormi, Michael R.; Koppers, Mary Margaret

doi:10.3791/54815

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Sampling was repeated using the same methods at the same locations in North Buck in 2009–2010 and South Buck in 2014. The soil resampling procedures used in this study are further detailed in Lawrence, Fernandez, Hazlett, Bailey et al (). All soil samples were analyzed in the USGS Troy Laboratory following U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) methods (Blume et al, ) and Thomas () as described in the supporting information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Soils From Acidic Deposition May Exacerbate Nitrogen Export From Forested Watersheds

2020

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Effects of ambient decreases in N deposition on forest N cycling remain unclear as soils recover from acidic deposition. To investigate, repeated soil sampling data were related to deposition, vegetation, and stream data, for 2000-2015 in North and South Buck Creek watersheds, in the Adirondack region of New York, USA. In 63 other Adirondack streams, NO 3 − concentrations were also compared between 2004-2005 and 2014-2015, and a link between soil calcium and stream NO 3 − was investigated using data from 387 Adirondack streams that were sampled in either 2003-2005 or 2010-2011. No trends in N export or NO 3 − concentrations were observed in either Buck watershed despite a 45% decrease in N deposition,although South Buck N export was 2 to 3 times higher than in North Buck, where 48% of deposited N was accounted for by accumulation in the upper soil. In marked contrast, the upper profile in South Buck showed a net loss of N. Increased decomposition appeared likely in South Buck as those soils are adjusted to lower levels of acidifying S deposition, whereas decomposition increases in North Buck were likely suppressed by high levels of natural organic acidity. Stream NO 3 − concentrations in Buck watersheds bracketed regional results and were consistent with the regional streams that showed no overall change in NO 3 − concentrations between 2004 and 2014. A negative correlation observed between NO 3 − concentration and watershed buffering capacity expressed as the ratio of Ca 2+ to SO 4 2− also suggested that stream NO 3 − concentrations were elevated where soil Ca depletion had occurred.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Soils From Acidic Deposition May Exacerbate Nitrogen Export From Forested Watersheds

2020

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“…The soil samples were collected from thirteen trail pits of size 1 m 2 area at a depth of 2m as suggested by the pioneer researcher (Subramani et al, 2014) and tested for its physical characteristics to identify the soil erodibility rate. The testing was done on air-dried samples in a short period of time for a relative consistent analysis on both the physical and chemical characteristics as suggested by the pioneer researcher (Lawrence et al, 2016;Subash et al, 2017). For hydrometer analysis, the control solution was prepared such that 125 mL solution of 40 gL -1 sodium hexametaphosphate solution and 875 mL of water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rill treatments to enhance nutrient rich soil, a case study

Thanappan¹,

Hosamani²,

Chandrappa³

2020

Asian J Agric Biol

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This article mainly focuses on the soil conservation practices to counteract the soil degradation and to maintain the soil nutrients and organic matter. As the study area is highly prone to the soil erosion, the comparison study was initiated for the rill treatment with the help of sweet gum balls, riprap (different sizes of stones), mulch with coconut shells, bermuda grass with polyacrylamic (PAM) and a control. Five different rills of same size including an untreated control with four different materials used for making the protective covers were experimented initially using the triangular notches of 60 0 by maintaining the actual discharge of 0.001379 m 3 sec-1. The rills were continuously kept under the visual observations for about two years which includes two monsoon seasons for each year. The changes in the size of the rills after every 4 rainy seasons are documented. The results of the experiments showed that the erosion control capacity of various protective covers are 68.4, 57, 51.2 and 44.8 respectively with the ingredients riprap, sweet gum ball, bermuda grass with PAM and the mulch with the coconut shells.

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“…A threshold of 20% total C was used to confirm field identification of Oa and A horizons. Past studies have shown that small sampling errors at the interface of organic–mineral horizons can lead to large errors in chemical results (Yanai et al, 2005; Lawrence et al, 2016). To account for this possibility, concentration data for Oa and A horizons are presented in units of charge per mass of soil, and also in units of charge per mass of soil C to normalize for variations in C concentration (Warby et al, 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term Changes in Soil and Stream Chemistry across an Acid Deposition Gradient in the Northeastern United States

Siemion¹,

McHale²,

Lawrence³

et al. 2018

J of Env Quality

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Declines in acidic deposition across Europe and North America have led to decreases in surface water acidity and signs of chemical recovery of soils from acidification. To better understand the link between recovery of soils and surface waters, chemical trends in precipitation, soils, and streamwater were investigated in three watersheds representing a depositional gradient from high to low across the northeastern United States. Significant declines in concentrations of H (ranging from -1.2 to -2.74 microequivalents [μeq] L yr), NO (ranging from -0.6 to -0.84 μeq L yr), and SO (ranging from -0.95 to -2.13 μeq L yr) were detected in precipitation in the three watersheds during the period 1999 to 2013. Soil chemistry in the A horizon of the watershed with the greatest decrease in deposition showed significant decreases in exchangeable Al and increases in exchangeable bases. Soil chemistry did not significantly improve during the study in the other watersheds, and base saturation in the Oa and upper B horizons significantly declined in the watershed with the smallest decrease in deposition. Streamwater SO concentrations significantly declined in all three streams (ranging from -2.01 to -2.87 μeq L yr) and acid neutralizing capacity increased (ranging from 1.38 to 1.60 μeq L yr) in the two streams with the greatest decreases in deposition. Recovery of soils has likely been limited by decades of acid deposition that have leached base cations from soils with base-poor parent material.

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Methods of Soil Resampling to Monitor Changes in the Chemical Concentrations of Forest Soils

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Recovery of Soils From Acidic Deposition May Exacerbate Nitrogen Export From Forested Watersheds

Recovery of Soils From Acidic Deposition May Exacerbate Nitrogen Export From Forested Watersheds

Rill treatments to enhance nutrient rich soil, a case study

Long‐term Changes in Soil and Stream Chemistry across an Acid Deposition Gradient in the Northeastern United States

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