Methods of multivariate analysis in estimation of the new prospect strawberry selections

Abstract

Relevance. The demand for new genotypes with their higher characteristics of yield and quality of berries, stably bearing fruit and resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses, determines the development of breeding research on strawberries. The introduction of new varieties with their improved characteristics makes it possible to increase production efficiency and the quality of berries. The purpose of the study is a comparative assessment of new elite forms of strawberries with the most common and zoned varieties in the North Caucasus region based on the characteristics of productivity and quality of the berry. Methods. The work was carried out during 2021–2023. 9 new strawberry genotypes were compared with 3 zoned varieties introduced in the North Caucasian region according to four traits: number of berries, pcs/ bush; average berry weight, g; density of berry pulp, g; yield, g/bush. The traits were collected in accordance with the methodological recommendations adopted in the Russian Federation. The graphical scattering of the studied samples is revealed the hybrid forms, distinguished by the best combinations of the traits of productivity and fruit size and also density of berry pulp and fruit size compared to control varieties. The principal components method and statistical procedure for hierarchical cluster analysis of the studied samples based on a complex of traits made it possible to identify 4 groups among the studied strawberry genotypes, which significantly differ between themselves in the values of the studied traits. Results. As a result of the research, promising forms were identified for further breeding work and production practice: selections 20-17-15 Onda × Elizabeth II, 16-8-18 Belrubi × Syria, 17-3-15 Nelli × Syria and 25-11-15 Nelly × Syria.