Methods of Determination of Biofilm Formation by Candida albicans

Janakiram, B.; Myneni, Ramesh Babu; Kumar, Kundan; Gousia, Sk.; Latha, J. Naveena Lavanya

doi:10.3923/jm.2017.90.96

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Candida species belong to the normal microbiota of an individual's mucosal oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and vagina. These yeasts are commensal in healthy humans but they are considered as opportunistic fungal pathogens that may cause many infections in immune compromised patients ranging from superficial infections of skin and mucous membranes to systemic life-threatening invasive infections [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of als1 and hwp1 genes involved in biofilm formation in Candida albicans isolated from catheter associated candiduria.

Hamady

Marei

2021

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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Background: Candida species are opportunistic fungal pathogens that can affect immune compromised patients and may cause life threatening infections. Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor that enables Candida species to invade the host tissues. This study aimed to assess the ability of Candida albicans to form biofilm in patients with catheter associated candiduria and to determine the presence of some genes involved in biofilm formation at the molecular level. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out from June 2019 to June 2020 on 93 catheterized patients admitted to different wards at Suez Canal University Hospitals (SCUHs), Ismailia. Candida albicans strains were identified phenotypically by their growth on sabouraud dextrose agar, Gram staining, growth on hypertonic sabouraud broth, chlamydospore formation and germ tube formation test. Biofilm formation was detected by tissue culture plate method. Detection of the genes involved in biofilm formation was done by PCR. Results: Twenty eight Candida albicans strains were isolated from 36 Candida species. Nine isolates (32.1%) were strong biofilm producers, 6 isolates (21.4%) were moderate biofilm producers and 13 isolates (46.4%) were weak or non-biofilm producers. ALS1 gene was detected in 13 isolates (46.4%), while HWP1 gene was detected in 16 isolates (57.1 %). Conclusion: This study documented the prevalence of candiduria in catheterized patients and found a statistically significant higher prevalence of the tested biofilm forming genes among biofilm forming isolates as compared to the weak or non-biofilm forming ones; but additional studies should be carried out as the management of catheter associated caniduria is still controversial.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of als1 and hwp1 genes involved in biofilm formation in Candida albicans isolated from catheter associated candiduria.

Hamady

Marei

2021

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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“…For screening isolates that produce biofilm in an alternative technique, congo red agar medium (CRA) used and composed of brain heart infusion broth (BHI) (37 g/L), sucrose (50 g/L), agar (20 g/L), and congo red stain (0.8 g/L) (Janakiram et al, 2017). Congo red stain was prepared separately as a concentrated aqueous solution and autoclaved at 121°C for 15 minutes prior to addition separately after the agar had cooled to 55°C.…”

Section: Congo Red Agar Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Janakiram et al (2017), black colonies with a dry crystalline indicated positive results. The color of a non-biofilm producers colonies is usually pink.…”

Section: Congo Red Agar Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm formation by Candida albicans and Candida glabrata isolated from urine specimens of diabetic Iraqi women

Ibrahim¹,

Hamzah²

2021

JLBSR

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Biofilms are multicellular communities where microorganisms are grown and form an extracellular matrix that protects the pathogenic microorganisms from the immunity system and antimicrobial agents. This study is aimed to identify Candida spp. isolated from urine specimens by using traditional techniques, germ tube, growth on corn meal agar medium and chromogenic medium then determine the ability of isolates to producing biofilm by tube method (TM) and congo red agar method (CRA). In our study urine specimens were obtained from 174 diabetic females in the period of six months at the Al-Wafa Specialized Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mosul city, Iraq. Out of the total 174 specimens, yeast species were isolated from 56 (32.2 %) specimens. Out of the 56 isolates, 50 isolates were positive for Candida spp., especially C. glabrata which appeared maximum in 30 isolates (60 %) and followed by C. albicans 18 isolates (36%) and C. krusei 2 isolates (4 %). In the TM method for biofilm detection, C. albicans showed 16 isolates (88.9%) positive for biofilm formation followed by 29 isolates (96.7%) of C. glabrata. Furthermore, in the CRA method, all isolates (100%) of C. albicans were negative followed by 27 isolates (90%) of C. glabrata, whereas only 3 isolates (10%) of C. glabrata were positive. We can conclude that TM is the best conventional method and is sensitive to detect biofilm-forming yeast when compared with the CRA method.

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“…Two mL of 70% (v/v) aqueous ethanol (70%) was used to dissolve the stained biofilm on the wall and bottom of the tube. Colour intensity was measured spectrophotometer at A 565nm to determine the amount of biofilm formed by C. albicans [21].…”

Section: Determination Of Biofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel mixture of chloroxylenol and copper alters Candida albicans biofilm formation, biochemical characteristics, and morphological features

Gomaa

Almaghrabi

El-Shoura

et al. 2020

Journal of Taibah University for Science

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The use of disinfectants has drastically increased in response to the growing public awareness of risks of microbial infection. However, this practice has a negative impact on the environment as it results in dumping large volumes of antimicrobial and microbicidal compounds in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Chloroxylenol (PCMX) is a phenolic compound that poses public health and environmental risks art high concentrations. Here, a novel disinfectant was proposed to increase the lethality of PCMX by adding copper (Cu) to it. However, it was necessary to demonstrate that this mixture is fungicidal and not merely fungistatic, and that the addition of Cu does, in fact, increase PCMX lethality. We evaluated the fungicidal efficacy of PCMX/Cu on Candida albicans. PCMX/Cu synergy was explored on biofilm formation, biochemistry, and morphology of C. albicans. Inhibition increased with PCMX increased concentration. The combination of Cu and PCMX disrupted fungal ultrastructure, biofilm formation, and biochemical characteristic.

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Methods of Determination of Biofilm Formation by Candida albicans

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Detection of als1 and hwp1 genes involved in biofilm formation in Candida albicans isolated from catheter associated candiduria.

Detection of als1 and hwp1 genes involved in biofilm formation in Candida albicans isolated from catheter associated candiduria.

Biofilm formation by Candida albicans and Candida glabrata isolated from urine specimens of diabetic Iraqi women

Novel mixture of chloroxylenol and copper alters Candida albicans biofilm formation, biochemical characteristics, and morphological features

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