Methods of controlled radical polymerization for the synthesis of polymer brushes

Ilgach, D. M.; Мелешко, Т. К.; Yakimansky, Alexander V.

doi:10.1134/s181123821501004x

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(284 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the thermodynamic quality of the solvent with respect to the backbone and side chains plays an important role. The solution behavior of amphiphilic graft copolymers has been studied for aromatic polyimides grafted with vinyl polymers such as polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, poly-tert-butyl acrylates, their copolymers with polymethacrylic acid [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], and enzymatically synthesized polyesters grafted with hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chains [ 26 ]. It is shown that copolymers with a low grafting density tend to form supramolecular structures due to aggregation of the polyimide backbones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Structure, Hydrodynamics and Thermoresponsiveness of Graft Copolymer with Aromatic Polyester Backbone at Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) Side Chains

et al. 2020

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New thermoresponsive graft copolymers with an aromatic polyester backbone and poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPrOx) side chains are synthesized and characterized by NMR and GPC. The grafting density of side chains is 0.49. The molar masses of the graft-copolymer, its backbone, side chains, and the modeling poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxaziline are 74,000, 19,000, 4300, and 16,600 g·mol−1, respectively. Their conformational properties in nitropropane as well as thermoresponsiveness in aqueous solutions are studied and compared with that of free side chains, i.e., linear PiPrOx with a hydrophobic terminal group. In nitropropane, the graft-copolymer adopts conformation of a 13-arm star with a core of a collapsed main chain and a PiPrOx corona. Similarly, a linear PiPrOx chain protects its bulky terminal group by wrapping around it in a selective solvent. In aqueous solutions at low temperatures, graft copolymers form aggregates due to interaction of hydrophobic backbones, which contrasts to molecular solutions of the model linear PiPrOx. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) for the graft copolymer is around 20 °C. The phase separation temperatures of the copolymer solution were lower than that of the linear chain counterpart, decreasing with concentration for both polymers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Structure, Hydrodynamics and Thermoresponsiveness of Graft Copolymer with Aromatic Polyester Backbone at Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) Side Chains

et al. 2020

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“…Research on comb-like polymers, or more precisely, molecular brushes, intensified at the end of the 20th century, when new synthetic approaches were developed that allowed the controlled synthesis of high-molecular compounds of various architectures [24][25][26][27][28][29]. As a result, the main regularities of the behavior of graft copolymers in solutions were established; in particular, the influence of the size of the main and side chains, as well as the grafting density of the latter, on the hydrodynamic characteristics and conformation of comb-like macromolecules was revealed [23,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoresponsive Molecular Brushes with a Rigid-Chain Aromatic Polyester Backbone and Poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazoline Side Chains

Тарабукина

Fatullaev

Krasova

et al. 2021

IJMS

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A new polycondensation aromatic rigid-chain polyester macroinitiator was synthesized and used to graft linear poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline as well as poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline by cationic polymerization. The prepared copolymers and the macroinitiator were characterized by NMR, GPC, AFM, turbidimetry, static, and dynamic light scattering. The molar masses of the polyester main chain and the grafted copolymers with poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline and poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline side chains were 26,500, 208,000, and 67,900, respectively. The molar masses of the side chains of poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline and poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline and their grafting densities were 7400 and 3400 and 0.53 and 0.27, respectively. In chloroform, the copolymers conformation can be considered as a cylinder wormlike chain, the diameter of which depends on the side chain length. In water at low temperatures, the macromolecules of the poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline copolymer assume a wormlike conformation because their backbones are well shielded by side chains, whereas the copolymer with short side chains and low grafting density strongly aggregates, which was visualized by AFM. The phase separation temperatures of the copolymers were lower than those of linear analogs of the side chains and decreased with the concentration for both samples. The LCST were estimated to be around 45 °C for the poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline graft copolymer, and below 20 °C for the poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline graft copolymer.

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“…Molecular polymer brushes prepared by “living” polymerization constitute a new class of regular graft copolymers . A steadily growing interest in molecular polymer brushes is caused by their specific properties that distinguish them from linear analogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Macromolecular Brushes with Polyimide Backbones and Poly(methyl methacrylate) Side Chains on Structure, Physical, and Transport Properties of Polyphthalamide

Tian

Мелешко

Polotskaya

et al. 2019

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Composite films based on polyamide (poly(m‐phenylene‐iso‐phthalamide)) (PA) and a brush‐like polymer with polyimide (PI) backbone and side poly(methyl methacrylate) chains (PI‐PMMA) were prepared by mixing individual solutions of PA and PI‐PMMA and subsequent film casting. Macromolecular brushes with the same backbone length and density of side chains but with various lengths of side PMMA chains were synthesized via activator generated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization. Interactions between PA and PI‐PMMA, as well as distribution of PI‐PMMA filler inside the PA matrix, were studied by viscometry, dynamic light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and IR spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of polymer samples were also investigated. Microphase separation was revealed in PA/PI‐PMMA films. The length of side chains influences interactions between PA and PI‐PMMA. At the same time, the degree of reduction in the rigidity parameters and in the elasticity parameter depends on the side chain length. Diffusion membranes were prepared on the basis of compositions with the best mechanical properties; these membranes proved to be highly efficient in pervaporation of methanol–hexane mixture. It was established that the fluxes and separation factors of the studied membranes are several times higher as compared to the corresponding characteristics of known commercial membranes. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 60:481–490, 2020. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Methods of controlled radical polymerization for the synthesis of polymer brushes

Cited by 19 publications

References 164 publications

Synthesis, Structure, Hydrodynamics and Thermoresponsiveness of Graft Copolymer with Aromatic Polyester Backbone at Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) Side Chains

Synthesis, Structure, Hydrodynamics and Thermoresponsiveness of Graft Copolymer with Aromatic Polyester Backbone at Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) Side Chains

Thermoresponsive Molecular Brushes with a Rigid-Chain Aromatic Polyester Backbone and Poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazoline Side Chains

Influence of Macromolecular Brushes with Polyimide Backbones and Poly(methyl methacrylate) Side Chains on Structure, Physical, and Transport Properties of Polyphthalamide

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