Methods for the inoculation of Chrysanthemum morifolium with Puccinia horiana

Zandvoort, R.; Groenewegen, C.A.M.; Zadoks, J.C.

doi:10.1007/bf01995930

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…'Indianapolis White Giant IV' in a conditioned greenhouse with temperatures between 16 ~ and 18~ P. horiana is a leptocyclic rust propagated by teliospores. After inoculation (Zandvoort et al, 1968), whitish yellow flecks, usually slightly concave, with a diameter of about 1 mm appear on the upper surface of the leaves. Later, the colour turns into a light yellowish brown.…”

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Rare symptoms on chrysanthemum morifolium infected with Puccinia horiana

Zadoks

Kodde

1968

Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology

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During investigations of Puccinia horiana P. Henn., the white rust of Chrysanthemum morifolium, some rare and as yet unpublished symptoms were observed. The rust was grown on cv. 'Indianapolis White Giant IV' in a conditioned greenhouse with temperatures between 16 ~ and 18~ P. horiana is a leptocyclic rust propagated by teliospores. After inoculation (Zandvoort et al., 1968), whitish yellow flecks, usually slightly concave, with a diameter of about 1 mm appear on the upper surface of the leaves. Later, the colour turns into a light yellowish brown. On the underside of the leaf the usually slightly convex lesions show a number of light orange-brown swellings developing into teliospore-bearing cushions. When mature, the cushions are coloured greyish brown by the numerous basidia. The lesions extend and finally measure 1-15 mm in diameter, depending on the density of infection. In large lesions the cushions are sometimes arranged in more or less concentric rings. Of rare occurrence is the "white ring symptom", where a white ring surrounds a small lesion. Sometimes the white ring remains sterile, sometimes it produces new sporebearing cushions. Regularly, but in small numbers, a "white fleck symptom" has been observed. It appears simultaneously with the chlorotic flecks which are the onset of normal lesion development. The "white flecks" are up to 10 mm in diameter, and show minor whitish protuberances at the upper surface at hand-lens magnification. The rust does not sporulate on these white flecks. Microscopic examination using cotton blue or hematoxylin stains reveals intercellular mycelium with stroma-like concentrations mainly in the substomatal cavity. Sometimes, the mycelium is clearly dikaryotic. Still rarer than the 'white fleck symptom" is the "red fleck symptom". This looks like a white fleck but it is purplish-red from the beginning, possibly because of anthocyanin formation. Microscopic examination confirms the results obtained with the white flecks. Intercellulair mycelium, present throughout the lesion, forms a kind of subepidermal stroma, usually under a stoma. Dikaryotic cells have been observed in the mycelium. Simultaneous appearance of all these symptoms after inoculation, absence of the symptoms when there is no P. horiana, and the dikaryotic cells observed suggest that all symptoms mentioned are due to P. horiana. Isolation of the fungus from the flecks and 232

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Rare symptoms on chrysanthemum morifolium infected with Puccinia horiana

Zadoks

Kodde

1968

Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…Jinba plants. To minimize disease escape, they were inoculated first using the fraction method elaborated by Zhu et al (2011), then a day later using a spray method derived from Zandvoort (1968a); briefly, the infected leaves containing white rust pustules were cut into small pieces and were dispersed in deionized water and filtered through medical gauze to remove any plant debris. The concentration of the pathogenic spore suspension was then adjusted using a hemacytometer slide to a concentration of 1 • 10 6 zoosporangia/mL with deionized water containing one drop of Tween 20 before application to the plants until runoff using a handheld sprayer.…”

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Variation for Resistance to White Rust (Puccinia horiana) among Ajania and Chrysanthemum Species

Zeng¹,

Sun²,

Yang³

et al. 2013

horts

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White rust (causative pathogen Puccinia horiana) is a destructive disease of commercial chrysanthemum crops. A panel of 19 accessions of commercial chrysanthemum near-relatives (four Ajania species, 11 Chrysanthemum species including five accessions of Chrysanthemum indicum) were screened for their reaction to white rust infection in separate greenhouse trials carried out at two independent sites in eastern China, one in 2010 and the other in 2012. The reaction of the accessions to artificial inoculation ranged from immune to highly susceptible. Accessions of Chrysanthemum indicum, C. yoshinaganthum, C. makinoi var. wakasaense, C. nankingense, C. vestitum, C. lavandulifolium, C. crassum, and Ajania tripinnatisecta were immune, and strong resistance was present in C. japonense, C. × shimotomaii, and A. przewalskii. Most of the accessions behaved similarly in the two trials, but two of the C. indicum accessions produced inconsistent results, each being highly resistant in one trial but susceptible in the other. Because wide crosses are relatively easy to achieve in the chrysanthemum complex, these immune and highly resistant accessions represent promising germplasm for white rust resistance breeding.

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“…In preliminary experiments, different inoculation methods such as placing diseased plants with sporulating lesions among the plants (non-quantitative inoculation) and spraying spore suspension over the plants (semi-quantitative inoculation) were tested in different growing stages of chrysanthemum (Zandvoort et al 1968;Yamaguchi 1981;De Jong and Rademaker 1986;Takatsu et al 2000;De Backer et al 2011). According to the results, non-quantitative inoculation method was more easy, stable, and effective to screen the disease resistance against P. horiana in chrysanthemum.…”

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Identification of Chrysanthemum Genetic Resources Resistant to White Rust Caused by Puccinia horiana

Park¹,

Lim²,

Shin³

et al. 2014

Plant Breed. Biotech.

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This experiment was carried out to identify genetic resources of chrysanthemum wild species and commercial cultivars that are resistant to white rust disease caused by Puccinia horiana. A total of 190 chrysanthemum accessions, composed of 11 accessions belonging to six wild species and 179 commercial cultivars, were screened for resistance to P. horiana isolates collected from Muan and Jeonju, the main production area of chrysanthemum in Korea. A total of 41 spray cultivars and three wild species (Chrysanthemum boreale, C. yoshinaganthum, and C. zawadskii) were identified as resistant. Nine standard and 28 spray cultivars with poorly developed chlorotic lesions and pustules on the leaves were moderate resistant. The remaining 18 standard, 83 spray cultivars and three wild species (Aster spathulifolius, C. indicum, and C. pacificum) were highly susceptible. The use of resistant cultivars is one of the most efficient approaches for overcoming white rust disease in chrysanthemum cultivation. Therefore, these genetic resources can be used in crossbreeding programs for developing white rust resistant chrysanthemum cultivars.

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Methods for the inoculation of Chrysanthemum morifolium with Puccinia horiana

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Rare symptoms on chrysanthemum morifolium infected with Puccinia horiana

Rare symptoms on chrysanthemum morifolium infected with Puccinia horiana

Variation for Resistance to White Rust (Puccinia horiana) among Ajania and Chrysanthemum Species

Identification of Chrysanthemum Genetic Resources Resistant to White Rust Caused by Puccinia horiana

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