Methods for Measuring the Mechanical Safety Vent Pressure of Lithium ion Battery Cells

Swart, Jan; Arora, Ashish; Megerle, M.; Nilsson, Stig L.

doi:10.1109/pses.2006.320402

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although energy density, ambient temperature, ambient pressure, and SOC were taken into consideration to determine gaseous venting behavior as mentioned above and various results of characteristic parameters, three typical venting patterns, namely, the evolution of the venting process, are summarized to represent universal relevance in The venting event was strongly correlated with the evolution of pressure inside the battery as well as the burst pressure of the safety valve. Figure 4b proposes schematically the contributions of chemical reactions, thermal expansion of the original gases, and evaporation of electrolytes into the internal pressure without venting and shell deformation [12,15,22,25,33]. Once a battery is chosen, the burst pressure of the safety valve should vary within a small range, leading to a similar temperature on average corresponding to The venting event was strongly correlated with the evolution of pressure inside the battery as well as the burst pressure of the safety valve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once a battery is chosen, the burst pressure of the safety valve should vary within a small range, leading to a similar temperature on average corresponding to The venting event was strongly correlated with the evolution of pressure inside the battery as well as the burst pressure of the safety valve. Figure 4b proposes schematically the contributions of chemical reactions, thermal expansion of the original gases, and evaporation of electrolytes into the internal pressure without venting and shell deformation [12,15,22,25,33]. Once a battery is chosen, the burst pressure of the safety valve should vary within a small range, leading to a similar temperature on average corresponding to the venting event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Fitting Method to Characterize the Gaseous Venting Behavior of Lithium–Ion Batteries in a Sealed Chamber during Thermal Runaway

Li,

Wang,

Shi

et al. 2023

Energies

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The venting event of thermal runaway has attracted public attention due to safety issues aroused by frequent fire accidents of new energy vehicles. However, the quantitative description of venting behavior is incomplete for tests in a sealed chamber due to the initial violent injection. In this study, nine types of batteries covering 28 cases in total were employed to investigate the influence of energy density, ambient temperature, pressure, and SOC on the venting behavior, characterized by normalized gas amount; maximum gas releasing rate; and venting durations t50, t90, t95, and t99. Then, a ‘two-point’ fitting method was proposed to modify outcomes concerning real-time gas amounts. The results show that at 100% SOC, the normalized gas amount ranges within 0.075–0.105 mol/Ah for NCM batteries and 0.025–0.035 mol/L for LFP batteries, while the maximum gas releasing rate presents a strongly positive correlation with the capacity of NCM batteries (0.04–0.31 mol/s) and a slight increase for LFP batteries (0.02–0.06 mol/s). Eventually, the three venting patterns were summarized and advanced according to the energy density and SOC of the targeted battery. This research can provide a reference for risk evaluations of the venting process and safety design for structure and pressure relief in battery systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fitting Method to Characterize the Gaseous Venting Behavior of Lithium–Ion Batteries in a Sealed Chamber during Thermal Runaway

Li,

Wang,

Shi

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…The typical vent design involves a structurally weak point in the device that allows an opening to occur upon conditions that might lead to or indicate the occurrence of thermal runaway [27], [29]. Figure 1 shows a typical vent design for a cylindrical Li-ion battery [30]- [32] based on some early patents.…”

Section: Vent Mechanisms In Cylindrical Li-ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The groove provides a localized stress concentration and will fracture at a design-for (threshold) pressure [33], allowing gases to escape. An effective vent design should allow gas to be rapidly expelled from the battery [29]. If the vent does not open in time, thermal runaway will occur.…”

Section: Vent Mechanisms In Cylindrical Li-ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of Cylindrical Li-ion Battery Safety Vents

2020

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Cylindrical Li-ion batteries (cells) typically have safety vents in the positive terminal to enable the release of gases that build up inside the battery and thus help reduce the effects of thermal runaway, including fire and explosion. However, the vents are not always effective, and it is critical to understand why. This paper overviews various vent designs and presents two case studies of vents in cylindrical Li-ion batteries that failed to operate properly. The first case study concerns a Sony VCT5 18650 Li-ion battery in which thermal runaway caused the cylindrical casing (can) to rupture. The second case study involves an Ampking 20700 Li-ion battery in which thermal runaway caused side-wall rupture of the casing. In both cases, the vents did not function as intended. Computed tomography (CT) scanning was used to investigate the internal structure of the battery to assess the failure mechanisms of the failed vents. These cases raise concerns about the efficiency, reliability, and safety of some current vent designs. INDEX TERMS Vent failure, explosive failure, cylindrical li-ion battery, CT scan, thermal runaway.

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Methods for Measuring the Mechanical Safety Vent Pressure of Lithium ion Battery Cells

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

A Fitting Method to Characterize the Gaseous Venting Behavior of Lithium–Ion Batteries in a Sealed Chamber during Thermal Runaway

A Fitting Method to Characterize the Gaseous Venting Behavior of Lithium–Ion Batteries in a Sealed Chamber during Thermal Runaway

Reliability of Cylindrical Li-ion Battery Safety Vents

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