Methods for Isolating the Balbiani Body/Germplasm from Xenopus laevis Oocytes

Butler, Amanda M.; Owens, Dawn A.; King, Mary Lou; Agüero, Tristan

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9009-2_15

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Xenopus Gg1

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2022

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“…The Bb disassembly releases the organelles into the cytoplasm with most of the content appearing at the vegetal pole of a mature egg [ 145 ]. It can be isolated manually [ 146 ] providing opportunity for biochemical and physical studies. The Bb is spherical in oocytes of many, but not all, species [ 147 ].…”

Section: Xenopus Ggmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germ Granules in Animal Oogenesis

Dobrynin

Bashendjieva

Enukashvily

2022

JDB

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In eukaryotic cells, many macromolecules are organized as membraneless biomolecular condensates (or biocondensates). Liquid–liquid and liquid–solid phase transitions are the drivers of the condensation process. The absence of membrane borders makes biocondensates very flexible in their composition and functions, which vary in different cells and tissues. Some biocondensates are specific for germ line cells and are, thus, termed germ granules. This review summarizes the recent data on the composition of germ granules and their functions in gametes. According to these data, germ granules are involved in the determination of germline cells in some animals, such as Amphibia. In other animals, such as Mammalia, germ granules are involved in the processes of transposons inactivation and sequestration of mRNA and proteins to temporarily decrease their activity. The new data on germ granules composition and functions sheds light on germ cell differentiation and maturation properties.

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Section: Xenopus Ggmentioning

confidence: 99%