Methods for Isolating, Identifying, and Quantifying Anthocyanin Metabolites in Clinical Samples

Ferrars, Rachel Margaret; Czank, Charles; Saha, Shikha; Needs, Paul W.; Zhang, Qingzhi; Raheem, K. Saki; Botting, Nigel P.; Kroon, Paul A.; Kay, Colin D.

doi:10.1021/ac500565a

Cited by 57 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…The metabolism of raspberry anthocyanins produced eighteen detectable compounds in urine, including cyanidin-3-Oglucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and sixteen phenolic metabolites, while in plasma nine anthocyanin metabolites were quantified including glucuronides and sulphated compounds (46) . Furthermore, not all metabolites were recovered, which is in concordance with more recent data that identified a total of thirty-six metabolites in serum, urine and faecal samples following ingestion of 500 mg labelled cyanidin-3-glucoside (69) . These studies raise the possibility that the health effects associated with berries and their anthocyanins may be in part attributable to metabolites of parent anthocyanin compounds.…”

Section: Bioavailability Of Anthocyaninssupporting

confidence: 90%

Berries and anthocyanins: promising functional food ingredients with postprandial glycaemia-lowering effects

et al. 2016

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The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is predicted to reach unprecedented levels in the next few decades. In addition to excess body weight, there may be other overlapping dietary drivers of impaired glucose homeostasis that are associated with an obesogenic diet, such as regular exposure to postprandial spikes in blood glucose arising from diets dominated by highly refined starches and added sugars. Strategies to reduce postprandial hyperglycaemia by optimising the functionality of foods would strengthen efforts to reduce the risk of T2D. Berry bioactives, including anthocyanins, are recognised for their inhibitory effects on carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption. Regular consumption of berries has been associated with a reduction in the risk of T2D. This review aims to examine the evidence fromin vitro, animal and human studies, showing that berries and berry anthocyanins may act in the gut to modulate postprandial glycaemia. Specifically, berry extracts and anthocyanins inhibit the activities of pancreatic α-amylase and α-glucosidase in the gut lumen, and interact with intestinal sugar transporters, sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 and GLUT2, to reduce the rate of glucose uptake into the circulation. Growing evidence from randomised controlled trials suggests that berry extracts, purées and nectars acutely inhibit postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia following oral carbohydrate loads. Evidence to date presents a sound basis for exploring the potential for using berries/berry extracts as an additional stratagem to weight loss, adherence to dietary guidelines and increasing physical exercise, for the prevention of T2D.

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Section: Bioavailability Of Anthocyaninssupporting

confidence: 90%

Berries and anthocyanins: promising functional food ingredients with postprandial glycaemia-lowering effects

et al. 2016

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“…On the contrary, monosulphated hydroxy-and dihydroxy-phenyl-␥-valerolactones (compounds 6, 7, 10 and 10 ) had LODs and LLOQs below 1.5 and 10 nM, respectively. These LOD and LLOQ values, in the low nM range, were in agreement or even lower than those reported for 5-(3 ,4 -dihydroxyphenyl)-␥valerolactone (3), 5-(3 ,4 -dihydroxyphenyl)-␥-valerolactone-4 -O-sulphate (10), and other phenolic metabolites [19,23,24,37,38].…”

Section: Linearity Limit Of Detection and Limits Of Quantificationsupporting

confidence: 87%

Synthetic and analytical strategies for the quantification of phenyl-γ-valerolactone conjugated metabolites in human urine

Brindani

Mena

Calani

et al. 2017

Mol. Nutr. Food Res.

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“…Samples were stored at −80 °C until analysis. For phenolic acids and metabolites the method has a mean ± SD extraction efficiency of 88.3 ± 17.8% as previously reported, while we established extraction efficiencies of 102, 97, and 57% for avenanthramide A, B, and C, respectively.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Phenolic acids were extracted from urine using a validated method with minor modifications. Briefly, 1 mL of urine was spiked with an internal standard (i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excretion of Avenanthramides, Phenolic Acids and their Major Metabolites Following Intake of Oat Bran

Schär

Corona

Soycan

et al. 2017

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeWholegrain has been associated with reduced chronic disease mortality, with oat intake particularly notable for lowering blood cholesterol and glycemia. To better understand the complex nutrient profile of oats, we studied urinary excretion of phenolic acids and avenanthramides after ingestion of oat bran in humans.Methods and resultsAfter a 2‐d (poly)phenol‐low diet, seven healthy men provided urine 12 h before and 48 h after consuming 60 g oat bran (7.8 μmol avenanthramides, 139.2 μmol phenolic acids) or a phenolic‐low (traces of phenolics) control in a crossover design. Analysis by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)–MS/MS showed that oat bran intake resulted in an elevation in urinary excretion of 30 phenolics relative to the control, suggesting that they are oat bran‐derived. Mean excretion levels were elevated between 0–2 and 4–8 h, following oat bran intake, and amounted to a total of 33.7 ± 7.3 μmol total excretion (mean recovery: 22.9 ± 5.0%), relative to control. The predominant metabolites included: vanillic acid, 4‐ and 3‐hydroxyhippuric acids, and sulfate‐conjugates of benzoic and ferulic acids, which accounted collectively for two thirds of total excretion.ConclusionOat bran phenolics follow a relatively rapid urinary excretion, with 30 metabolites excreted within 8 h of intake. These levels of excretion suggest that bound phenolics are, in part, rapidly released by the microbiota.

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Methods for Isolating, Identifying, and Quantifying Anthocyanin Metabolites in Clinical Samples

Cited by 57 publications

References 35 publications

Berries and anthocyanins: promising functional food ingredients with postprandial glycaemia-lowering effects

Berries and anthocyanins: promising functional food ingredients with postprandial glycaemia-lowering effects

Synthetic and analytical strategies for the quantification of phenyl-γ-valerolactone conjugated metabolites in human urine

Excretion of Avenanthramides, Phenolic Acids and their Major Metabolites Following Intake of Oat Bran

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