Methods for dynamic characterization of the major muscles activating the lower limb joints in cycling motion

Abstract

The functional activation, through electrical stimulation, of the lower limb consisting of several deficient muscles requires well-patterned and coordinated activation of these muscles. This study presents a method for characterizing the parameters of the major muscle groups controlling the ankle and knee joints in cycling motion, the latter having particular significance in the rehabilitation of locomotion. To lower mechanical indeterminacy in the joints the system is reduced by grouping the muscles acting in synergism. The joint torques were calculated by inverse dynamics methods from cycling motion data, including kinematics and foot/pedal reaction loads (forces, moments). The mechanical indeterminacy was resolved by applying optimization criteria and the individual muscle torques were parceled-out from the joint torques. System identification of the individual muscles, part of which being bi-articular, in this non-isometric condition was performed from the relationship between the evaluated force and the measured EMG of each the muscles, using both first and second order linear transfer functions. Feasibility of the presented method was demonstrated through the computation of the coefficients of the muscles involved and validating the results on the experimental data obtained from one subject.

Influence of lateral pedal translation on muscle recruitment and kinematics in cyclists

“…Extrapolating these findings suggests that riders may be able to generate more overall power output without increasing RF activation via the recruitment of hip abductor muscles during the pedal stroke. Little previous work has been done to assess the recruitment of hip abductors in cycling, as they typically play a small role when STD pedal platforms are used 29, 30, 31, 32, 33. In addition to elevated power output, increased recruitment of hip abductors will likely lead to strengthening of the associated muscles as well as a corresponding reduction in the potential for iliotibial band friction syndrome (ITBFS).…”