Methods for determining susceptibility of fastidious and unusual pathogens to selected antimicrobial agents

Thornsberry, Clyde; Swenson, Jana M.; Baker, C N; McDougal, Linda K.; Stocker, Sheila A.; Hill, Bertha C.

doi:10.1016/0732-8893(88)90024-7

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Mueller-Hinton agar base (BBL) supplemented with iysed horse blood and NAD was used (18). The dilutions of the various antimicrobial agents were incorporated into the molten supplemented Mueller-Hinton test medium, and the preparations were dispensed into plastic Petri dishes (diameter, 85 mm).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of different serotypes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Pajukanta

Asikainen

Saarela

et al. 1993

European J Oral Sciences

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Pajtikanta R, Asikainen S, Saarela M, Alaluusua S, Jotisimies-Somer H: In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of different serotypes o/Actinobacillus actinomyeetemcomitans. Scand J Dent Res 1993; 101: 299-303. © Munksgaard, 1993. In vitro susceptibility of Actinobacillus actinomyeetemcomitans (A.a.) serotypes to selected antimicrobial agents was investigated by the agar dilution method on supplemented Mueller-Hinton test medium. Eighty-three A.a. strains, 80 recent isolates from 40 periodontally healthy or diseased subjects, and three type strains were included in the study. Serotype a represented 20, serotype b 32, serotype c 17, and serotype e 7 and nontypable 4 of the tested strains. The most effective drugs against all A.a. serotypes in vitro were cefaclor, cefuroxime, tetracycline hydrochloride, doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (cotrimoxazole), and ciprofloxacin, which inhibited 100% ofthe strains at 4.0 \xgl ml, 4.0 |ig/ml, 1.0 M.g/ml, 2.0 |.ig/ml, 0.06 |J.g/ml, and 0.015 |ig/ml, respectively. Serotypes a and e were more susceptible to cafaclor and cefuroxime than were serotypes b and c; 100°/) of the first two groups were inhibited at 2.0 i^g/ml and 1.0 |ig/ml. Ampicillin inhibited 92% of the tested strains at 1.0 i^g/ml. Serotype b was always susceptible to ampicillin. Metronidazole exhibited the best activity against serotype a strains. The lowest minimal inhibitory concentration values for benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, doxycycline, and metronidazole were encountered among serotype /; isolates. The results of the present study indicate minor differences in the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of different A.a. serotypes, except to metronidazole. Also, the new oral cephalosporins and cotrimoxazole, rare antimicrobial agents in periodontology, showed promising efficacy against all A.a. strains.

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Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of different serotypes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Pajukanta

Asikainen

Saarela

et al. 1993

European J Oral Sciences

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“…0.5 (50). Inoculation was performed by using a Dynatech Disposable Inoculator (Dynatech Laboratories, Inc. Alexandria, Va.), which provided a final inoculum of approximately S x 105 CFU/ml.…”

Section: Materuils and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro susceptibilities of aerotolerant Campylobacter isolates to 22 antimicrobial agents

Kiehlbauch

Baker

Wachsmuth

1992

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We evaluated the in vitro activities of 22 antimicrobial agents against 78 human and animal isolates belonging to two aerotolerant Campylobacter species, C. cryaerophila and C. butzleri, using a broth microdilution technique. An additional 10 antimicrobial agents were included at concentrations found in selective Campylobacter media. Strains of C. cryaerophila belonged to two DNA hybridization groups: DNA hybridization group LA, which includes the type strain of C. cryaerophila, and DNA hybridization group 1B. The aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and one tetracycline (minocycline) demonstrated the most activity against all DNA hybridization groups (C. cryaerophila DNA groups 1A and 1B and C. butzleri). Most isolates were resistant to cephalosporin antibiotics, with the exception of cefotaxime, and were variably susceptible to trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole. C. cryaerophila DNA hybridization group 1A isolates were generally susceptible to the tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, azithromycin, erythromycin, and roxithromycin and moderately susceptible to clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and ampicillin-sulbactam. The MICs of tetracyclines were higher for C. butzleri and C. cryaerophila DNA hybridization group 1B isolates than for C. cryaerophila DNA hybridization group 1A isolates, but most strains were still susceptible to doxycycline and tetracycline; all isolates were susceptible to minocycline. C. butzleri and C. cryaerophila DNA hybridization group 1B isolates were generally resistant to the macrolide antibiotics (including erythromycin), chloramphenicol, clindamycin, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Differences in antimicrobial susceptibility between aerotolerant Campylobacter species and more common Campylobacter species, e.g., C. jejuni, suggest that different treatment strategies may be necessary. Strains of all three DNA hybridization groups of aerotolerant Campylobacter isolates were susceptible to colistin, polymyxin B, and rifampin at concentrations commonly used in selective media. These results suggest that primary isolation methods for Campylobacter species may need to be modified to include aerotolerant Campylobacter strains.Previous investigations in our laboratory using DNA hybridization revealed two aerotolerant Campylobacter species, C. butzleri (previously designated DNA hybridization group 2) and C. cryaerophila (previously designated DNA hybridization group 1) (24). DNA hybridization data further separated strains of C. cryaerophila into two groups: DNA hybridization group 1A (containing the type strain of C. cryaerophila) and DNA hybridization group 1B. Two strains of DNA hybridization group 1B phenotypically resembled the type strain of C. cryaerophila (24). All strains from the United States belonged to C. butzleri and C. cryaerophila DNA hybridization group 1B; strains were most frequently isolated from fecal specimens from human and nonhuman primates with diarrheal illness (24, 39). C. cryaerophila DNA hybridization grou...

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“…The antimicrobial susceptibility or resistance profile of the synthesized compounds was determined with the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique [18][19][20][21], using Mueller-Hinton agar.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the synthesized compounds (1-12) were screened in vitro (using a modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method [18][19][20][21] against Gram-negative bacteria, namely, Escherichia coli, Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and fungi namely, Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans. Tetracycline and Amphotericin B were taken as positive references for antibacterial and antifungal agents, respectively.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activities Of the Synthesized Oxadiazole Derivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Part XIV: Synthesis of Surface Active Agents from Some Novel Class of Oxadiazole, Thiadiazole and Triazole Derivatives Having Microbiological Activities

El-karim¹,

Amine²,

Mahmoud³

et al. 2013

J Surfact & Detergents

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Reaction of stearic acid with semicarbazide in refluxing POCl3 afforded 2‐amino‐5‐heptadecyl 1,3,4‐oxadiazole. Acylation of the amino group with acetic anhydride, ethyl chloroacetate and chloroacetic acid gave amide and β‐amino acid derivatives. These compounds were cyclized to imidazo[2,1‐b]oxadiazole derivatives by two different techniques. Treating the starting oxadiazole compound with P2S5, hydroxyl amine and hydrazine hydrate in benzene afforded thiadiazole and triazole derivatives. Unexpectedly, triazolo[3,4‐b][1,3,4]oxadiazole derivative was obtained when 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivative was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol. The biological activities of the synthesized compounds were screened in vitro against some gram positive and gram negative bacteria and fungi. Addition of quantitative amount of propylene oxide units (3, 5, 7 mol) to the synthesized compounds afforded new nonionic surfactants. The physico‐chemical and surface properties of the novel synthesized surfactants such as surface and interfacial tension, cloud point, wetting time, emulsion stability, foam height, CMC, resistance to hydrolysis and their biodegradability were investigated. In addition, surface parameters including effectiveness (πCMC), efficiency (PC20), maximum surface excess (Γmax) and (Amin) were examined.

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Methods for determining susceptibility of fastidious and unusual pathogens to selected antimicrobial agents

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of different serotypes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of different serotypes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

In vitro susceptibilities of aerotolerant Campylobacter isolates to 22 antimicrobial agents

Fatty Acids in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Part XIV: Synthesis of Surface Active Agents from Some Novel Class of Oxadiazole, Thiadiazole and Triazole Derivatives Having Microbiological Activities

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