Methods Employed in Monitoring and Evaluating Field and Laboratory Systems in the ANISA Study

Abstract

The ANISA monitoring system represents a transparent, understandable and practical resource for development of project monitoring systems in complex multisite health research projects.

Challenges in Treatment Strategies for Management of Neonatal Sepsis

“…5 In this type of sepsis, high values of white blood cells and absolute neutrophil counts are not informative. 4 High or low white blood cells counts, high absolute neutrophil counts, high immature/ total ratio and low platelet counts are associated with late-onset sepsis. 5 Despite their association with infection, all of these findings have low sensitivities.…”

“…5 Despite their association with infection, all of these findings have low sensitivities. 4,5 The results of investigations of this study were similar to the study by SK Anwer et al, where the sensitivity and specificity of investigations were as follows: abnormal neutrophil count (61.90% vs. 51.72%), I/T ratio (i.e. e"0.2) (30.89% vs. 65.51%), thrombocytopenia (i.e.d"150000/mm 3 ) (52.38% vs. 60.06%), and CRP (66.66% vs. 48.27%).…”

“…3 Neonatal sepsis is the third leading cause of neonatal mortality, only behind to prematurity and perinatal asphyxia. 4 is responsible for 13% of all neonatal mortality, and 42% of deaths in the first week of life. 5,6 In developing countries, clinically diagnosed sepsis is present in 49-170 per 1000 live births, culture-proven sepsis in 16 per 1000 live births and neonatal meningitis in 0.8-6.1 per 1000 live births.…”

Infection Surveillance Protocol for a Multicountry Population-based Study in South Asia to Determine the Incidence, Etiology and Risk Factors for Infections Among Young Infants of 0 to 59 Days Old

“…The duration of this phase for individual sites varied based on the achievement of benchmark targets set at the beginning of the project. 17 Once a site achieved these targets, it started enrolling study participants in the main study. At least 2 years of surveillance time has been scheduled for each site.…”

Implementation of the ANISA Protocol in Sylhet, Bangladesh

“…[12][13][14] Since the inception of ANISA in Sylhet, trained Community Health Workers (CHWs) follow all married women of reproductive age in a defined geographical area for identification of pregnancies and births. CHWs visit all newborns 10 times in the first 59 days of life (3 times in the first week and once a week for the subsequent 7 weeks).…”