Methods and Techniques in Ethnobiology and Ethnoecology

Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino; Cunha, Luiz Vital Fernandes Cruz da; Lucena, Reinaldo Farias Paiva de; Alves, Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8636-7

Cited by 177 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…The ethnobotanical surveys were carried out in the three agroforestry systems of each collaborator (Albuquerque et al 2014), in total there were ninety interviews. The plants were photographed, some identified in the field and others collected for identification and deposition in the herbarium of the Interdisciplinary Center for Regional Integrated Research and Development-National Polytechnical Institute (Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación y Desarrollo Integral Regional-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-IPN), Oaxaca.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry systems of a Zapotec community in the Northern Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico

et al. 2020

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Agroforestry systems have cultural, economic, social, and biodiversity conservation significance and are essential for the subsistence of communities.Is there a difference in the richness, management and use of useful plants present in the agroforestry systems (home gardens, coffee plantations, and milpa)? What is the influence of sociodemographic factors on the distribution of traditional knowledge regarding plants of these systems?Las Delicias, municipality of Juquila Vijanos, Sierra Norte of Oaxaca, Mexico, from January 2016 to May 2018. Visits to three agroforestry systems and semistructured interviews with 30 families to learn how they use the plants and to calculate the use value (UV) for each species. The similarity of floristic composition between agroforestry systems and the influence of sociodemographic factors (age, gender, schooling, economic activity and language) in the traditional plant knowledge was evaluated. The methods used were chi squared and proportions analyses, and a generalized linear analysis with Poisson distribution.The three agroforestry systems consisted of 211 of useful plants; home gardens and coffee plantations had a greater similarity in floristic composition; the dissimilarity of the milpa agroecosystem is related to seasonality. The plants with higher UVs were those with multiple uses, and are found mainly in coffee plantations. Production in these spaces is complemented to satisfy the needs of the inhabitants. Gender and economic activity are factors that influence the distribution of traditional knowledge.Agroforestry systems provide a species richness differentiated for specific purposes but complementary to each other. coffee plantation, home gardens, milpa, use value. ResumenLos sistemas agroforestales tradicionales tienen una importancia cultural, económica, social y en conservación de la biodiversidad; son esenciales en la subsistencia de las comunidades. ¿Existe diferencia en la riqueza, manejo y uso de plantas útiles presentes en los sistemas agroforestales (huertos familiares, cafetales, milpa)? ¿Cuál es la influencia de los factores sociodemográficos en la distribución del conocimiento tradicional sobre las plantas de estos sistemas?Las Delicias, municipio de Juquila Vijanos, Sierra Norte de Oaxaca, México; de enero de 2016 a mayo de 2018. Recorridos por tres sistemas agroforestales y entrevistas semiestructuradas a 30 familias, para calcular el Valor de Uso de cada especie vegetal. Se evaluó la similitud de la composición florística entre los sistemas agroforestales y la influencia de factores sociodemográficos (edad, sexo, escolaridad, ocupación e idioma) en el conocimiento tradicional de plantas, mediante pruebas de Ji cuadrada, de proporciones y de un modelo lineal generalizado con distribución Poisson.Los sistemas agroforestales estudiados conservan 211 especies vegetales útiles; los huertos familiares y los cafetales tienen una mayor similitud florística; la disimilitud del sistema milpa se relaciona con su temporalidad. Las plantas con mayor Valor de Uso fuero...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry systems of a Zapotec community in the Northern Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico

et al. 2020

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“…although the inhabitants in these villages are not related to any definite ethnic group. Some immigrated participants (Albuquerque et al, 2014). Totally, 27 inhabitants (female = 17; male = 10), aged 33-95 years, were selected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estudio etnobotánico de áreas del noroeste de la provincia de Isfahan, Iran

Keshavarzi

Mosaferi

2019

Collect. Bot

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An ethnobotAnicAl survey on some AreAs of northwest of isfAhAn province, irAn.-Iran is one of the countries which enormously used medicinal plants from the ancient times. In this study, we documented the ethnobotanical data of Golpayegan, and Shahin Shahr and Meymeh counties (Isfahan province) for the first time in Iran. Field study and plant collecting were done in different seasons in 2016-2017. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed using information of questionnaires gained from 27 inhabitants. Totally, 48 plants of 24 families were recorded from studied areas. Asteraceae (36%) and Lamiaceae (23%) are those containing the biggest numbers of cited plants. Moreover, leaves (45.83%) and seeds (18.75%) were the most used parts. This study indicated the importance of useful plants of studied areas and the necessity of doing this kind of research on other parts of country in order to preserve this valuable information of local inhabitants.Resumen estudio etnobotánico de áreAs del noroeste de lA provinciA de isfAhAn, irAn.-Irán es un país que ha utilizado de manera destacada las plantas medicinales desde la antigüedad. En este estudio, documentamos los datos etnobotánicos de los condados de Golpayegan, Shahin Shahr y Meymeh (provincia de Isfahán) por primera vez en Irán. El estudio de campo y la recolección de plantas se realizaron en diferentes temporadas en 2016 y 2017. Los datos etnobotánicos se analizaron utilizando información proveniente de cuestionarios realizados a 27 informantes. En total, se registraron 48 plantas de 24 familias de las áreas estudiadas. Las familias Asteraceae (36%) y Lamiaceae (23%) son las que contienen un mayor número de plantas citadas. Las hojas (45,83%) y las semillas (18,75%) son las partes de planta más utilizadas. Este estudio indica la importancia de las plantas útiles de las áreas estudiadas y la necesidad de realizar este tipo de investigación en otras partes del país con el fin de preservar esta valiosa información de los habitantes locales. Palabras clave: etnobotánica; Irán; provincia de Isfahán.

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“…sometimes conducted with a local assistant who helped reassure nervous participants and assist translation. Interview 2 was conducted individually whenever possible to avoid influences from third parties and to assure that the data supplied by the resident were as direct and reliable as possible [61].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interview 1 collected sociocultural and demographic data, including GPS coordinates of the interviewees house (S1 Table), and a list of the plants the interviewee uses as medicine. Because free-listing can exclude important information [62], this technique was corroborated and supplemented by participant observation and walk-in-the-woods guided tours [61]. Participant observation, which followed the residents' daily activities without interfering with them, clarified information collected in interviews.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Prestige and homophily predict network structure for social learning of medicinal plant knowledge

Bond

Gaoue

2020

PLoS ONE

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Human subsistence societies have thrived in environmental extremes while maintaining biodiversity through social learning of ecological knowledge, such as techniques to prepare food and medicine from local resources. However, there is limited understanding of which processes shape social learning patterns and configuration in ecological knowledge networks, or how these processes apply to resource management and biological conservation. In this study, we test the hypothesis that the prestige (rarity or exclusivity) of knowledge shapes social learning networks. In addition, we test whether people tend to select who to learn from based on prestige (knowledge or reputation), and homophily (e.g., people of the same age or gender). We used interviews to assess five types of medicinal plant knowledge and how 303 people share this knowledge across four villages in Solomon Islands. We developed exponential random graph models (ERGMs) to test whether hypothesized patterns of knowledge sharing based on prestige and homophily are more common in the observed network than in randomly simulated networks of the same size. We found that prestige predicts five hypothesized network configurations and all three hypothesized learning patterns, while homophily predicts one of three hypothesized network configurations and five of the seven hypothesized learning patterns. These results compare the strength of different prestige and homophily effects on social learning and show how cultural practices such as intermarriage can affect certain aspects of prestige and homophily. By advancing our understanding of how prestige and homophily affect ecological knowledge networks, we identify which social learning patterns have the largest effects on biocultural conservation of ecological knowledge.

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Methods and Techniques in Ethnobiology and Ethnoecology

Cited by 177 publications

References 1 publication

Agroforestry systems of a Zapotec community in the Northern Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico

Agroforestry systems of a Zapotec community in the Northern Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico

Estudio etnobotánico de áreas del noroeste de la provincia de Isfahan, Iran

Prestige and homophily predict network structure for social learning of medicinal plant knowledge

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