Methods and Significant Relations in the Quantitative Analysis of Plant Growth.

West, C.; Briggs, George E.; Kidd, F.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1920.tb07327.x

Cited by 78 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…LAR is the leaf area divided by the total plant weight at any given time, whereas LAP is the daily change in LAR. The two parameters differ fundamentally because NAR x LAR = kw (28) The poor correlation between NAR and growth has been well documented (12,27 Differences in growth among species in this study were due to differential responses to temperature. The observation that for several species (johnsongrass, pigweed, spurred anoda, and prickly sida), net assimilation rates were nearly independent of temperature may have been due to the relatively low level of photosynthetically active radiation (100 w-m-2) in the growth chambers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Leaf Area Partitioning as an Important Factor in Growth

1977

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Despite continuing efforts to correlate unit area rates of photosynthesis of crop varieties with growth rates, there has been little or no success. It is reasonable to assume that partitioning of photosynthate into new leaf area is an important component of growth. Accordingly, an expression was developed to measure leaf area partitioning. Using growth analysis techniques, relative growth rates were compared to net assimilation rates, partitioning of daily weight gain into new leaf area, and partitioning of daily weight gain into new leaf weight of nine species grown in growth chambers under three temperature regimes. Day/night temperatures of 21/10, 32/21, and 38/27 C caused large differences in relative growth rates. Relative growth rates were closely correlated with leaf area partitioning in seven of the nine species, but were inversely correlated with leaf weight partitioning for six of the nine species.Relative growth rates were poorly correlated with net assimilation rates for five of the nine species. The product of net assimilation rate times leaf area partitioning is shown to be equal to the relative leaf area expansion rate.These results indicate that growth responses due to temperature shifts were more sensitive to changes in leaf area partitioning or relative leaf area expansion rates than to net assimilation rates. Because changes in leaf area partitioning or relative leaf area expansion rates can have an effect on relative growth rates that overshadow changes in net assmilation rates, and because net assimilation rates are largely a function of unit area rates of photosynthesis, the correlation of unit area rates of photosynthesis with growth should include consideration of leaf area partitioning or relative leaf area expansion rates.For more than a decade, considerable effort has been expended in the search for crop varieties or ecotypes that have high unit leaf area photosynthetic rates (3-6, 11, 13, 14, 16, 22). These investigations have been based on the assumption that high unit area photosynthetic rates should correlate well with growth. Generally, it has been found that growth is not well correlated with unit area rates of photosynthesis (4,13,15,16,18,23), although some authors have reported otherwise (9). However, good correlations between growth and rates of leaf area expansion (5-7, 11, 22, 24, 26) analysis has permitted the accurate and rapid measurement of short term photosynthetic rates. Second, the discovery that the pathways and rates of photosynthesis differ greatly among species has led plant scientists to re-examine the role of photosynthesis in plant growth. Coupled with this renewed interest in photosynthesis is a growing awareness that partitioning of photosynthate into new leaf growth is also an important factor in plant growth (2,10,17,19,21). This paper is an assessment of the relation between growth, NAR, and the partitioning of daily weight gain into new leaf area and new leaf weight. MATERIALS AND METHODS

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The LAP is different from the LAR (28). LAR is the leaf area divided by the total plant weight at any given time, whereas LAP is the daily change in LAR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Area Partitioning as an Important Factor in Growth

1977

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“…Matyssek et al (1993) found reductions in LAR for hybrid poplar {Populus x euramericana) exposed to ozone. LAR is a relative measure of the carbon assimilatory potential of the whole plant, that is, a surrogate measure of the ratio of carbon assimilation to respiration (West, Briggs & Kidd, 1920), and for many species is an excellent predictor of growth rate (Poorter & Remkes, 1990). Greater respiratory demand, especially by non-photosynthetic tissues, might lead to reduced carbon availability for certain plants parts and to less growth, until the plant can restore the balance between leaf area and biomass typical of nonstress conditions.…”

Section: Biomass Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of seedlings of black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) to ozone in Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Neufeld

Lee²,

Renfro

et al. 1995

New Phytologist

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S II M M A R YThe response of seedlings of black cherry {Prunus serotina Ehrh.) to ozone was evaluated in Great Smoky Mountains National Park using open-top chambers during the growing seasons of 1989 and 1992. Two separate sets of seedlings were each exposed to various concentrations of ozone (charcoal-filtered; 05 x (not used in 1989), 10 X , 1-5 X , and 2 0 x modified ambient) in two different seasons. Seasonal indices of exposure (SUMOO, SUM06 and AOT40) for the lOx treatments were 39 2, 19, and 1-62 ppmh respectively, in 1989, and 631, 0 9, and 0-78 ppm h, respectively, in 1992. No significant chamber effects were noted, except for reduced height growth in open plots compared with 10 x chambers in 1992. In both years, the 2 0 x treatment reduced total, leaf, root, and shoot + root biomass, although some of these changes were only marginally significant in 1992. Stem biomass was significantly reduced in 1989, but not 1992. Leaf area, count and weight were all highly correlated, and showed significant reductions in both years. The leaf area ratio (leaf area/total weight) was reduced in 1989, but not in 1992. Height was not affected by ozone, but diameter was reduced only in 1989. Chamber-to-chamber variation for biomass and leaf variates was greater in 1992, and as a result, significance levels were lower. Weibull functions were fitted to chamber means, and showed significant near-linear declines for most components when logtransformed data were plotted against the SUM06 and AOT40 indices. Individual Weibull models for the 1989 and 1992 data sets, and combined models over both years, were developed. Combined models were adequate for describing ozone responses for all biomass components, as determined by the likelihood ratio test. The data showthat the two years of exposure produced similar, but not identical effects, despite large differences in initial size of the seedlings and in seasonal ozone dynamics. Leaf and root biomass were most sensitive to ozone (as determined by the slope of decrease with increasing SUM06), whereas stem biomass was least sensitive. Black cherry seedlings are shown to be among the most sensitive to elevated ozone of the 21 tree species examined to date in Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

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“…The first systematic attempt to interpret the meaning of RGR, probably the most important tool to visualize the growth phenomenon, was proposed by [38], following some earlier attempts made by [39][40][41][42]. Fisher [38] showed that whatever form of the growth curve may take, the average RGR (henceforth, ARGR) is given by the logarithmic increment of size measured at two consecutive time points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous identification of growth law and estimation of its rate parameter for biological growth data: a new approach

2014

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Scientific formalizations of the notion of growth and measurement of the rate of growth in living organisms are age-old problems. The most frequently used metric, "Average Relative Growth Rate" is invariant under the choice of the underlying growth model. Theoretically, the estimated rate parameter and relative growth rate remain constant for all mutually exclusive and exhaustive time intervals if the underlying law is exponential but not for other common growth laws (e.g., logistic, Gompertz, power, general logistic). We propose a new growth metric specific to a particular growth law and show that it is capable of identifying the underlying growth model. The metric remains constant over different time intervals if the underlying law is true, while the extent of its variation reflects the departure of the assumed model from the true one. We propose a new estimator of the relative growth rate, which is more sensitive to the true underlying model than the existing one. The advantage of using this is that it can detect crucial intervals where the growth process is erratic and unusual. It may help experimental scientists to study more closely the effect of the parameters responsible for the growth of the organism/population under study.Keywords Growth curve models · Average relative growth rate · Interval specific rate parameter · Overall rate parameter · Model selection

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Methods and Significant Relations in the Quantitative Analysis of Plant Growth.

Cited by 78 publications

References 8 publications

Leaf Area Partitioning as an Important Factor in Growth

Leaf Area Partitioning as an Important Factor in Growth

Sensitivity of seedlings of black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) to ozone in Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Simultaneous identification of growth law and estimation of its rate parameter for biological growth data: a new approach

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