Methodology to characterise non-standard asphalt materials using DMA testing: application to natural asphalt mixtures

Caro, Silvia; Sánchez, Diana B.; Caicedo, Bernardo

doi:10.1080/10298436.2014.893328

Cited by 38 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The rheological properties of the mortar were obtained after applying frequency and temperature sweep tests to small cylindrical testing specimens measuring 125 mm in diameter and 500 mm in height using a solid geometry in a TA200ex rheometer. The details of the fabrication of this type of asphalt mortar samples can be found elsewhere (Caro et al, 2012(Caro et al, , 2015. The dynamic modulus results were transformed from the frequency to the time domain to determine the Prony series of the relaxation modulus of the material.…”

Section: Calibration Of the Input Dem Parameters And Fem Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random generation of 2D PFC microstructures through DEM gravimetric methods

Manrique-Sánchez

Caro

Estrada

et al. 2020

Road Materials and Pavement Design

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Computational mechanics has proven to be a useful method to understand and assess the mechanical behaviour and main degradation mechanisms of Porous Friction Courses (PFC) at the microstructural level. However, a common limitation when preparing these models is the difficulty to achieve realistic microstructures. The ideal model to evaluate the mechanical behaviour and the degradation mechanisms of PFCs would use a three-dimensional (3D) geometry of the mixture with realistic aggregate shape, angularity, and gradation. However, these models are computationally expensive and typically related with numerical instabilities. This paper proposes a novel methodology to generate two-dimensional (2D) random PFC microstructures using gravimetric methods through Discrete Element Method (DEM) modelling. The proposed methodology was calibrated to generate coarse aggregates with realistic and controlled morphological properties. The produced 2D microstructures were implemented in the Finite Element Method (FEM) Abaqus ® and, after coating the particles with asphalt mortar, they were used to verify that the microstructures were able to reproduce the mechanical response -measured through the dynamic axial modulus-of an actual PFC mixture tested in the laboratory. The results show that the proposed methodology is able to produce microstructures with the same dynamic modulus than an actual PFC mixture at different loading frequencies. Among other applications, this methodology could be used to estimate the mechanical properties of PFC mixtures or to assess the expected performance and durability of any specific PFC under realistic field conditions.

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Section: Calibration Of the Input Dem Parameters And Fem Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random generation of 2D PFC microstructures through DEM gravimetric methods

Manrique-Sánchez

Caro

Estrada

et al. 2020

Road Materials and Pavement Design

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“…For the FAM samples, their rheological properties were measured by means of the DMA testing technique, which has been widely used to characterise the linear and non-linear viscoelastic properties of these materials, as well as mechanical deterioration processes under cyclic loading (Masad et al, 2006(Masad et al, , 2008Caro et al, , 2012Caro, Sánchez, & Caicedo, 2015;Gudipudi & Underwood, 2015;Tong et al, 2013, 2015, Sánchez et al 2017, Klug et al, 2018, Sánchez et al, 2019. The procedure consists of using a rheometer with a fixture configuration for solid materials, to apply oscillation loading to the small FAM cylindrical specimens (i.e.…”

Section: Fbms and Their Recovered Bindersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental effects on the rheological properties of fine warm RAP-foamed bitumen mixtures using SATS conditioning protocol

Sánchez

Airey

Caro

et al. 2019

International Journal of Pavement Engineering

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This paper uses the Saturation Ageing Tensile Stiffness (SATS) conditioning to evaluate the combined effects of moisture and oxidative ageing on the rheological characteristics of the Fine Aggregate Matrix (FAM) portion of various Foamed Bitumen Mixtures (FBMs) in combination with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) material. These FAM materials were produced at mixing temperatures of 90, 120 and 160 o C (i.e. half-warm, warm and hot processes, respectively).A fine Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) with RAPno foamed bitumenwas also manufactured for control purposes. The rheological properties of these fine mixtures were determined through Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) tests on specimens tested in their unconditioned and after SATS conditioning states. Rheology of the recovered binders of the four FAM mixes before and after SATS conditioning was also studied, and rheological parameters were used to link their long-term performance in terms of cracking susceptibility. The results showed an overall increase in the stiffness of the fine mixtures after the conditioning process, mainly due to oxidation of the bitumen. Although the half-warm and warm fine RAP-FBMs exhibited the highest increase in their complex shear modulus after SATS conditioning, rheological analysis of their corresponding binders indicated that their long-term performance in terms of cracking susceptibility might be superior to those of the hot RAP-FBM, and the HMA-RAP fine mixtures.

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“…Two replicates were tested for each mixture. This test protocol has been successfully used in previous studies (Caro et al, 2014; for FAM materials. Information from this test was used to: (1) identify thresholds at which the material transits from a non-linear response to a damage zone -which provides the GR value included in Equation 6 -that is specific for each mixture, and (2) to define a threshold strain level that was able to generate damage in the material for further fatigue characterisation.…”

Section: δR(n) In Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…linear and non-linear), and the mechanical deterioration processes under cyclic loading (i.e. fatigue test) of FAM materials (Caro et al, 2012(Caro et al, , 2008Caro, Sánchez, & Caicedo, 2014;Gudipudi & Underwood, 2015;Masad et al, 2008, 2006, Tong, Luo, & Lytton, 2013. The general procedure consists on using a rheometer with a special solid fixture configuration to conduct shear controlled strain tests on the small cylindrical FAM specimens.…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the degradation of fine asphalt-aggregate mixtures containing high reclaimed asphalt pavement contents

Sánchez

Grenfell

Airey

et al. 2017

Road Materials and Pavement Design

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This paper evaluates the mechanical properties and performance of the Fine Aggregate Matrix (FAM) existing within full RAP asphalt mixtures, in terms of their rheological and fatigue deterioration properties. The RAP material was produced in the laboratory to control its properties and to reduce the effects of variability associated with these materials. Four FAM mixtures were analysed, including a virgin HMA, a 100%RAP and two mixtures containing 50% RAP in combination with virgin materials using different penetration grade virgin binders.The analysis of the deterioration properties was based on the application of a fracture model that incorporates the viscoelastic properties of the material, the quality of the adhesive bonds developed between the aggregates and the corresponding bitumen present in each mixture, and the rate at which the material dissipates energy when subjected to cycling loading. The input parameters for this model include the results obtained from Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Surface Free Energy (SFE) tests. In general, the results showed that the incorporation of 50%RAP content increased the stiffness of the final mixtures, as expected. However, this hardening effect did not result in mixtures with inferior fatigue performance of the FAM present in the full mixtures, at the applied strain level.

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Methodology to characterise non-standard asphalt materials using DMA testing: application to natural asphalt mixtures

Cited by 38 publications

References 4 publications

Random generation of 2D PFC microstructures through DEM gravimetric methods

Random generation of 2D PFC microstructures through DEM gravimetric methods

Environmental effects on the rheological properties of fine warm RAP-foamed bitumen mixtures using SATS conditioning protocol

Evaluation of the degradation of fine asphalt-aggregate mixtures containing high reclaimed asphalt pavement contents

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