Methodology for the Study of Metabolism: Breath Testing

Klein, Peter; Helge, H

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1642-1_2

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The introduction of continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry 119,145 was a key development in the application of 13 CO 2 breath tests in medicine and was followed closely by commercial instrumentation on the basis of this principle. 146 Future technological developments, likely based on spectroscopic techniques, will generate the next generation of 13 CO 2 breath analyzers and facilitate wider application of the 13 C gastric emptying breath test. The gastric emptying breath test has considerable potential for development as a ''point of care'' method for assessment of gastric emptying in small animals.…”

Section: Tracer Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Methods for Assessment of the Rate of Gastric Emptying in the Dog and Cat: 1898–2002

Wyse¹,

McLellan²,

Dickie³

et al. 2003

J Vet Int Med

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Section: Tracer Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Methods for Assessment of the Rate of Gastric Emptying in the Dog and Cat: 1898–2002

Wyse¹,

McLellan²,

Dickie³

et al. 2003

J Vet Int Med

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Methods for Assessment of the Rate of Gastric Emptying in the Dog and Cat: 1898–2002

Wyse

McLellan

Dickie

et al. 2003

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Gastric emptying is the process by which food is delivered to the small intestine at a rate and in a form that optimizes intestinal absorption of nutrients. The rate of gastric emptying is subject to alteration by physiological, pharmacological, and pathological conditions. Gastric emptying of solids is of greater clinical significance because disordered gastric emptying rarely is detectable in the liquid phase. Imaging techniques have the disadvantage of requiring restraint of the animal and access to expensive equipment. Radiographic methods require administration of test meals that are not similar to food. Scintigraphy is the gold standard method for assessment of gastric emptying but requires administration of a radioisotope. Magnetic resonance imaging has not yet been applied for assessment of gastric emptying in small animals. Ultrasonography is a potentially useful, but subjective, method for assessment of gastric emptying in dogs. Gastric tracer methods require insertion of gastric or intestinal cannulae and are rarely applied outside of the research laboratory. The paracetamol absorption test has been applied for assessment of liquid phase gastric emptying in the dog, but requires IV cannulation. The gastric emptying breath test is a noninvasive method for assessment of gastric emptying that has been applied in dogs and cats. This method can be carried out away from the veterinary hospital, but the effects of physiological and pathological abnormalities on the test are not known. Advances in technology will facilitate the development of reliable methods for assessment of gastric emptying in small animals.Key words: Barium-impregnated polyethylene spheres; Breath test; Radiography; Scintigraphy; Ultrasonography.T he important role of the stomach in the digestion of food has been recognized for many centuries. The term ''pylorus'' dates from before the 5th century and is derived from the Greek, meaning ''keeper of the gate,'' an indication that early physicians had some understanding of the physiological function of gastric emptying. The rate of gastric emptying was assessed noninvasively for the 1st time in 1898, when the Harvard physiologist, W.B. Cannon, used X-rays to trace the outline of a radiopaque meal passing through the stomach of a cat (Fig 1).1 Over the next 6 years, Cannon used this method to characterize the functional significance of fundic and antral contractions and demonstrated the effect of emotion and food on the rate of gastric emptying.1,2 Together, these studies formed the cornerstones of the study of gastric motility, and Cannon's findings continue to influence our understanding of gastric emptying to this day. Indeed, over 100 years later, the radiographic tracing of gastric emptying remains the most commonly applied method for assessment of gastric motility in veterinary medicine. 3More recently, the dog has been used as an animal model for the study of human gastric emptying in many physiological and pharmacological studies, and gastric emptying is now more clearly understood in...

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Methodology for the Study of Metabolism: Breath Testing

Cited by 2 publications

References 64 publications

A Review of Methods for Assessment of the Rate of Gastric Emptying in the Dog and Cat: 1898–2002

A Review of Methods for Assessment of the Rate of Gastric Emptying in the Dog and Cat: 1898–2002

A Review of Methods for Assessment of the Rate of Gastric Emptying in the Dog and Cat: 1898–2002

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