Methodology for the evaluation of a 4000-home geothermal heat pump retrofit at Fort Polk, Louisiana

Hughes, Patrick; Shonder, John A; White, D.L.

doi:10.2172/638195

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These applications consume about 3.7 quads annually, and the study estimated 45 percent savings relative to typical new equipment. These savings levels are reasonably consistent with several ORNL detailed case studies of very large projects in military family housing, 63,64 when one considers the GHP efficiency levels available today and emerging equipment that satisfies the entire water heating load.…”

Section: Energy Savings Potential For Ghps In the United Statessupporting

confidence: 82%

Geothermal(Ground-Source)Heat Pumps: Market Status, Barriers to Adoption, and Actions to Overcome Barriers

Hughes¹

2008

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Section: Energy Savings Potential For Ghps In the United Statessupporting

confidence: 82%

Geothermal(Ground-Source)Heat Pumps: Market Status, Barriers to Adoption, and Actions to Overcome Barriers

Hughes¹

2008

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“…& sealing of ductwork alone in US houses saving an average of 15-20% of annual heating and air conditioning energy use (Francisco et al 1998) & a retrofit of 4,003 homes in Louisiana, including the switch from natural gas to a ground source heat pump for space and water heating, thereby eliminating natural gas use and still decreasing electricity use by one third (Hughes and Shonder 1998) & upgrade of multiunit housing in Germany using, among other measures, External Insulation and Finishing Systems to achieve a factor of 8 reduction in heating energy use (see www.3lh.de) & an envelope upgrade of an apartment block in Switzerland reduce the heating requirement by almost factor of 3 (Humm 2000) & reduction of heating energy use in retrofits of houses in the York region (UK) by 35% through air sealing and modest insulation upgrades and a projected 70% savings with more extensive measures (Bell and Lowe 2000) & comprehensive retrofit of old apartment block in Zurich, including replacement of roof, achieving an 88% savings in heating energy use measured over a 2-year period (Viridén et al 2003) In apartment buildings with balconies, the balcony slabs are a conduit for heat loss. Glazing the balconies so that they serve to preheat ventilation air, and integrating the balcony with the ventilation system of the apartments, can turn a thermal liability into an asset.…”

Section: Residential Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing energy use in the buildings sector: measures, costs, and examples

Harvey

2009

Energy Efficiency

159

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This paper reviews the literature concerning the energy savings that can be achieved through optimized building shape and form, improved building envelopes, improved efficiencies of individual energyusing devices, alternative energy using systems in buildings, and through enlightened occupant behavior and operation of building systems. Cost information is also provided. Both new buildings and retrofits are discussed. Energy-relevant characteristics of the building envelope include window-to-wall ratios, insulation levels of the walls and roof, thermal resistance and solar heat gain coefficient of windows, degree of air tightness to prevent unwanted exchange of air between the inside and outside, and presence or absence of operable windows that connect to pathways for passive ventilation. Provision of a high-performance envelope is the single most important factor in the design of lowenergy buildings, not only because it reduces the heating and cooling loads that the mechanical system must satisfy but also because it permits alternative (and low-energy) systems for meeting the reduced loads. In many cases, equipment with significantly greater efficiency than is currently used is available. However, the savings available through better and alternative energy-using systems (such as alternative heating, ventilation, cooling, and lighting systems) are generally much larger than the savings that can be achieved by using more efficient devices (such as boilers, fans, chillers, and lamps). Because improved building envelopes and improved building systems reduce the need for mechanical heating and cooling equipment, buildings with dramatically lower energy use (50-75% savings) often entail no greater construction cost than conventional design while yielding significant annual energy-cost savings.

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“…Numerous previous studies confirmed that properly designed, installed, and operated GHP systems use significantly less energy than conventional heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems (Hughes and Shonder 1998, Southard et al 2014. Recent case studies of 10 GHP demonstration projects that were funded in part by 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) grants indicate significant savings in energy and associated costs and reductions in carbon emissions (Fig.…”

Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 95%

GeoVision Analysis Supporting Task Force Report: Thermal Applications—Geothermal Heat Pumps

Liu

Hughes

McCabe

et al. 2019

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Geothermal heat pumps (GHPs), also referred to as ground-source heat pumps or Geo-exchange, have been proven capable of producing large reductions in energy use and associated carbon emissions for space conditioning and water heating in buildings. However, the current adoption rate of GHPs in the United States is still low, and GHPs receive little attention from either the public or policy makers. This report gives an overview of the status of GHP technology and its application in the United States, cost and performance of the state-of-the art GHP systems, barriers preventing wider adoption, and technologies under development that have potential to help overcome these barriers.

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Methodology for the evaluation of a 4000-home geothermal heat pump retrofit at Fort Polk, Louisiana

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Geothermal(Ground-Source)Heat Pumps: Market Status, Barriers to Adoption, and Actions to Overcome Barriers

Geothermal(Ground-Source)Heat Pumps: Market Status, Barriers to Adoption, and Actions to Overcome Barriers

Reducing energy use in the buildings sector: measures, costs, and examples

GeoVision Analysis Supporting Task Force Report: Thermal Applications—Geothermal Heat Pumps

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