Methodology for Hg determination in honey using cloud point extraction and cold vapour-inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

A fast and reliable method for quantitative determination of total mercury in vegetables

“…When the enhancement factors of 128 and 157 at both wavelengths are considered, it is clear that they are also better than those of more sensitive analytical methods such as spectrofluorimetry (Bozkurt, Ocakoglu, and Merdivan 2012) and HPLC-ICP-MS after CPE (Chen et al 2009). Also, the coupling of CPE with UV-Vis spectrophotometry gave a simple, fast, and low-cost procedure with a comparable and acceptable precision for determination of total mercury without requiring laborious, time-consuming, and complex instruments such as CV-AAS (Shah et al 2010), cold vapour-inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (CV-ICP-OES) after CPE (Depoi, Bentlin, and Pozebon 2010), ET-AAS (Aranda et al 2008), and even online FIA-spectrophotometry (Garrido et al 2004). It is important to emphasize that 1.0 mL of THF volume containing surfactant-rich phase was sufficient to obtain preconcentration factors of 46 and 56 at both wavelengths, and the whole preconcentration procedure was done just in a 50 mL centrifuge tube within 20 min.…”

“…These include electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS) (Vinas et al 2001), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) (Depoi, Bentlin, and Pozebon 2010;Li and Hu 2007), high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) (Meng et al 2007), differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DP-ASV) (Rievaj et al 1997;Xu et al 2008), square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SW-ASV) (Locatelli and Melucci 2013), cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CV-AFS) (da Silva et al 2013), instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) (Singh and Garg 2006), and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS) (Jedrzejczak 2002). These techniques are generally sophisticated and have a high detection power, but they are relatively expensive, requires expert-users, and not available in all research laboratories.…”

Toxic and micronutrient elements in organic, brown and polished rice in Brazil

“…An ELAN DRC II ICP-MS instrument (PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences, Shelton, CT, USA) was used for elemental determination, except Hg, for which a cold vapour system (Depoi et al 2010) was combined with the ICP-OES (Optima 2000DV from PerkinElmer). The instrumental parameters are shown in Table 1.…”

An Analytical Method for the Biomonitoring of Mercury in Bees and Beehive Products by Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry

“…Mercury has been studied in honey samples by several authors [ 24 , 25 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ], whereas limited literature data are available regarding the Hg determination in beeswax [ 42 ], pollen [ 24 , 25 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 44 ], propolis [ 24 , 45 , 46 , 47 ], and bees [ 24 , 25 , 31 , 39 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Microwave-assisted digestion is the most commonly used technique for preparing bee samples and hive products [ 32 , 35 , 42 , 43 , 44 ].…”

“…However, the microwave-assisted digestion method requires certain sample masses and reagent volumes, often leading to high final dilution factors and a consequent increase in the method detection limits [ 25 , 50 ]. In contrast, some authors have miniaturized digestion of honey, pollen, and/or bees by heating them in a heat block (80–100 °C) and using very small reagent volumes [ 25 , 33 ]. Throughout the literature, many studies have quantified Hg concentrations in bees and beehive product matrices with atomic absorption spectroscopy [ 38 ] and inductively coupled plasma–mass or optical emission spectrometry (ICP-MS or ICP-OES, respectively) [ 25 , 32 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 49 ], often coupled to cold vapor generation (CV) for matrix separation [ 24 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 44 , 45 ], electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry [ 47 ], and direct Hg analysis using automated commercial instruments such as the advanced mercury analyzer (AMA) [ 36 , 39 , 46 ] or direct mercury analyzer (DMA) [ 37 , 48 ].…”