Methodology for estimating the French tidal current energy resource

Campbell, Rose; Martinez, André; Letetrel, Camille; Rio, Alexandre

doi:10.1016/j.ijome.2017.07.011

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…9 In theory, the energy that could be extracted from the global oceans is well in excess of any current or future human energy requirements. 10 Hence, the utilization of marine renewable energy can fully satisfy the global electricity demand and mitigate the energy crisis under the premise of achieving sustainable development.…”

Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to statistics, the global reserves of marine renewable energy have reached as high as 7.66 × 10 8 MW, technically developable capacity of 6.4 × 10 7 MW, which is equivalent to the current total installed capacity of generators all over the world . In theory, the energy that could be extracted from the global oceans is well in excess of any current or future human energy requirements . Hence, the utilization of marine renewable energy can fully satisfy the global electricity demand and mitigate the energy crisis under the premise of achieving sustainable development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current situation and future projection of marine renewable energy in China

2018

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Summary The rapid development of China's economy cannot be separated from the massive consumption of fossil fuel. However, potential risks such as the extreme shortage of fossil fuel and the resulting environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent. As a substitution for fossil fuel, renewable energy is playing an increasingly important role in the energy structure adjustment. As a special type of renewable energy, marine renewable energy has been paid much attention by China's government and scientific researchers because of its properties such as cleanness, environmental protection and large reserves. Under the background of energy structure adjustment and electricity market reform in China, the marine renewable energy power market has a bright future. Through querying an amount of literature and information, this paper makes a strategic analysis based on the understanding of the resource endowment, the current industrial status, and policy environment. Then, the PEST‐SWOT strategy analysis model was adopted to analyze the internalities (strengths and weaknesses) and the externalities (opportunities and threats) of the factors affecting the development of marine renewable energy power industry. Then, some countermeasures from the four angles of strategic positioning, institutional arrangement, environmental education, and technical support are proposed to address the weaknesses and threats. Through the research, some conclusions and policy proposals are finally put forward to promote the sustainable development of the industry.

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Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current situation and future projection of marine renewable energy in China

2018

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“…Hourly wind velocity components at 10 m above the free surface are provided at 0.2 • spatial resolution by the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis Version 2 (CFSRv2) [37]. The model is finally driven by 13 major harmonic tidal constituents of the TPXO8 -atlas database (K 1 , O 1 , P 1 , Q 1 , M 2 , S 2 , N 2 , K 2 , M 4 , MS 4 , MN 4 , M m and M f ) covering western Brittany with a spatial resolution of 1/30 • [38].…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Successful deployments of tidal kinetic energy converters require accurate resource assessments to optimize the performance, design and location of devices while reducing investor risks and improving governments energy plans. Regional sites' selection relies usually on GIS (Geographic Information Systems) decision-aid tools to conduct a multi-criteria analysis of the physical, environmental, practical and economical constraints of tidal energy projects [2][3][4]. As extensive in situ observations cannot reasonably encompass the tidal hydrodynamics conditions at the regional scale, the associated resource assessments rely, most of the time, on numerical modeling tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tidal Turbines’ Layout in a Stream with Asymmetry and Misalignment

Guillou

Chapalain

2017

Energies

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A refined assessment of tidal currents variability is a prerequisite for successful turbine deployment in the marine environment. However, the numerical evaluation of the tidal kinetic energy resource relies, most of the time, on integrated parameters, such as the averaged or maximum stream powers. Predictions from a high resolution three-dimensional model are exploited here to characterize the asymmetry and misalignment between the flood and ebb tidal currents in the "Raz de Sein", a strait off western Brittany (France) with strong potential for array development. A series of parameters is considered to assess resource variability and refine the cartography of local potential tidal stream energy sites. The strait is characterized by strong tidal flow divergence with currents' asymmetry liable to vary output power by 60% over a tidal cycle. Pronounced misalignments over 20 • are furthermore identified in a great part of energetic locations, and this may account for a deficit of the monthly averaged extractable energy by more than 12%. As sea space is limited for turbines, it is finally suggested to aggregate flood and ebb-dominant stream powers on both parts of the strait to output energy with reduced asymmetry.

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“…This (spatially averaged) turbine representation implies that the interactions between the turbines' wakes are negated [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Such regional approach has been used at sites located in West Brittany such as the Sein Race [7] and the Fromveur strait [8], at Scottish sites such as the Orkney archipelago [9], at the Ramsey Sound strait [10], and at the Normand site of the Raz Blanchard [1].Recent works [11][12][13][14] deal with the implementation of methods developed (based on numerical results or experimental mapping) to optimize the identification of suitable sites for energy extraction. To simulate a realistic momentum extraction by turbine arrays, Coles et al (2017) [12] introduced a drag over the energy extraction zones of a site.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of the Current Direction on the Energy Production of a Tidal Farm: The Case of Raz Blanchard (France)

et al. 2019

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This study aims to investigate the influence of the current direction on the energy production of a tidal turbines array. It is based on a three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation of the flow where the turbines are represented with actuator disks. The case study consists of modelling the energy extraction of a small array of turbines (staggered and aligned layouts) placed in the Raz Blanchard (Alderney Race, France). The simulations are performed with hydrodynamic data (current magnitude and direction) representative of a mean tide, with several resistance forces and ambient turbulence intensities. The influence of the current direction on the energy production is highlighted by comparing the simulations forced with the real current direction with those in which the angle of incidence between the incoming flow and the turbine's axis is "switched off" (bi-directional flow). When the flow is aligned with the turbines' axis (misalignment "switched off"), the staggered layout produces more than the aligned arrangement. Comparison of the two types of simulations (misalignment switched off or not) shows that the misalignment of the flow around a predominant direction reduces the energy produced by the staggered layout and increases the production of the aligned layout. Furthermore, it suggests that the mean energy produced per machine is almost the same for both layouts. Higher turbulence intensity reduces the positive effect of the directional spreading on the aligned layout production and limits the negative effect on the staggered layout production.The hydrodynamics of tidal energy sites is intricate and often shows an asymmetry in tidal current direction. As an example, the current of the Raz Blanchard, which is located between the Alderney Island and La Hague Cape (Normandy, France), is quasi bidirectional in the Southern part of the Race but is characterized by a high directional spreading in the Northern part. At some locations, the current incidence with respect to the predominant direction reaches up to 30 • [4]. Thus, the multi-directionality of the flow should be considered when optimizing the turbines' arrangement.Numerous numerical modelling studies investigated the effect of the current asymmetry (amplitude and direction) on the production of tidal farms. However, previous studies were essentially performed with regional models where the turbines' thrust was spatially averaged over the area occupied by the tidal farm. This (spatially averaged) turbine representation implies that the interactions between the turbines' wakes are negated [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Such regional approach has been used at sites located in West Brittany such as the Sein Race [7] and the Fromveur strait [8], at Scottish sites such as the Orkney archipelago [9], at the Ramsey Sound strait [10], and at the Normand site of the Raz Blanchard [1].Recent works [11][12][13][14] deal with the implementation of methods developed (based on numerical results or experimental mapping) to optimize the identification of suitable sites for ene...

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Methodology for estimating the French tidal current energy resource

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Current situation and future projection of marine renewable energy in China

Current situation and future projection of marine renewable energy in China

Tidal Turbines’ Layout in a Stream with Asymmetry and Misalignment

Effects of the Current Direction on the Energy Production of a Tidal Farm: The Case of Raz Blanchard (France)

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