Methodologies for the analysis of pesticides and pharmaceuticals in sediments and plant tissue

Carvalho, Pedro N.; Zhang, Yang; Lyu, Tao; Arias, Carlos A.; Bester, Kai; Brix, Hans

doi:10.1039/c8ay00393a

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…Quantification of trimethoprim, atrazine, and ibuprofen was performed following the method from Carvalho with slight modifications . Briefly, dry plant tissues were ground using a mortar and pestle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mutual Effects and Uptake of Organic Contaminants and Nanoplastics by Lettuce in Co-Exposure

Bryant,

Ren,

Sharma

et al. 2024

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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Organic contaminants, such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals, are commonly found in agricultural systems. With the growing use of plastic products, micro-and nanoplastics (MNPs) are increasingly detected in these agricultural systems, necessitating research into their interactions and joint effects to truly understand their impact. Unfortunately, while there has been a long history of research into the uptake of organic pollutants by plants, similar research with MNPs is only beginning, and studies on their mutual effects and plant uptake are extremely rare. In this study, we examined the effects of three agriculturally relevant organic pollutants with distinctive hydrophobicity as measured by log K OW (trimethoprim: 0.91, atrazine: 2.61, and ibuprofen: 3.97) and 500 nm polystyrene nanoplastics on their uptake and accumulation by lettuce at two different salinity levels. Our results showed that nanoplastics increased the shoot concentration of ibuprofen by 77.4 and 309% in nonsaline and saline conditions, respectively. Alternatively, organic co-contaminants slightly lowered the PS NPs uptake in lettuce with a more pronounced decrease in saline water. These results underscore the impactful interactions of hydrophobic organic pollutants and increasing MNPs on a dynamic global environment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantification of trimethoprim, atrazine, and ibuprofen was performed following the method from Carvalho with slight modifications. 33 Briefly, dry plant tissues were ground using a mortar and pestle. 10 mL of a 95:5 MeOH:acetone solution was added to the ground samples in a 15 mL centrifuge tube.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutual Effects and Uptake of Organic Contaminants and Nanoplastics by Lettuce in Co-Exposure

Bryant,

Ren,

Sharma

et al. 2024

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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“…LC and GC are basically coupled to mass spectrometers (MS). In addition, several studies have used LC coupled with ultraviolet (UV), fluorescence (FLD), or diode array (DAD) detectors for the detection of a few numbers of pharmaceutical products [68,78,162]. However, lower detection and quantification limits were obtained compared to LC coupled to MS.…”

Section: Separation and Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Methods for the Determination of PhACs in Soil/Earthworm/Crop System Irrigated with Reclaimed Water

Manasfi

Labad

Montemurro

2020

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Pharmaceuticals have been becoming a major concern of environmental pollution since the beginning of the century. The ways in which these contaminants are introduced into the environment are very different, but almost always associated with wastewater. In fact, current wastewater treatment plants are not designed for the removal of pharmaceutical products. Indeed, the problem of water scarcity has played an important role in the introduction of pharmaceutical products into the environment, particularly in the agricultural sector. Because of the drought, more and more countries are resorting to the use of treated wastewater to irrigate vegetables for human consumption. Consequently, the reuse of wastewater in agriculture constitutes a continuous introduction of these molecules into the soil. The effects of this practice are not entirely clear. However, the probability that these compounds can enter the food chain directly is high. In fact, through radical absorption, plants could uptake pharmaceuticals from soil and water, leading to the accumulation of drugs in the tissues. The development of analytical methods of solid matrices such as soil or plant tissues requires substantial work due to the great complexity of the matrices and the differences between the physico-chemical properties of analytes of interest. Several multi-class methods have recently been developed to determine a large number of pharmaceutical products in soil or plants using different extraction techniques. This chapter addresses to list all the analytical procedures published so far used for the extraction and analysis of pharmaceutical products from plant tissues and from the soil irrigated with treated wastewater.

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“…This often leads to brief descriptions of extraction procedures, that lack comprehensive details on optimization and validation steps, thereby complicating reproducibility in other laboratories. Additionally, in the case of soil samples, the physicochemical properties of the soil are rarely or only partially reported, making it impossible to compare recovery rates due to the effects of soil properties on extraction efficiency (Ajibola et al 2020 ; Carvalho et al 2018 ; Golovko et al 2016 ; Huang et al 2018 ; Mullen et al 2017 ; Rodrigues et al 2023 ). A short review of existing, appropriately validated methods, including their recovery rates (RR%) in the literature, is presented for soil (Table S2 ), lettuce (Table S3 ), and earthworms (Table S4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and validation of multiresidual extraction methods for pharmaceuticals in Soil, Lettuce, and Earthworms

Mravcová,

Amrichová,

Navrkalová

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The presence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals (PhACs) in the environment poses potential risks. To comprehensively assess these risks, robust multiresidual analytical methods are essential for determining a broad spectrum of PhAC classes in various environmental compartments (soil, plants, and soil organisms). This study optimized extraction methods for analyzing over 40 PhACs from various matrices, including soil, lettuce, and earthworms. A four-step ultrasonic extraction method with varying extraction conditions and subsequent solid phase extraction was developed for soil samples. QuEChERS methods were optimized for extracting PhACs from lettuce and earthworm samples, addressing a literature gap in these less-studied matrices. The quantification of PhACs in soil, lettuce, and earthworm extracts was performed using a single LC–MS/MS method. Following thorough method validation, earthworms and lettuce were exposed to a mixture of 27 pharmaceuticals in a soil environment. The method validation results demonstrated the robustness of these methods for a broad spectrum of PhACs. Specifically, 29 out of 42 PhACs were extracted with an average efficiency > 50% and RSD < 30% from the soil; 40 out of 42 PhACs exhibited average efficiency > 50% and %RSD < 30% from the earthworms, while 39 out of 42 PhACs showed average efficiency > 50% and RSD < 30% from the lettuce. Exposure experiments confirmed the viability of these methods for quantifying a diverse range of PhACs in different environmental compartments. This study presents three thoroughly validated methods for determining more than 40 PhACs in diverse matrices, enabling a comprehensive assessment of PhAC dissemination in the environment. Graphical Abstract

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Methodologies for the analysis of pesticides and pharmaceuticals in sediments and plant tissue

Abstract: Eco-technologies that utilize natural processes involving wetland vegetation, soil and their associated microbial assemblages are increasingly used for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) from polluted water.

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Mutual Effects and Uptake of Organic Contaminants and Nanoplastics by Lettuce in Co-Exposure

Mutual Effects and Uptake of Organic Contaminants and Nanoplastics by Lettuce in Co-Exposure

Development of Methods for the Determination of PhACs in Soil/Earthworm/Crop System Irrigated with Reclaimed Water

Optimization and validation of multiresidual extraction methods for pharmaceuticals in Soil, Lettuce, and Earthworms

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