Methodological considerations for observational coding of eating and feeding behaviors in children and their families

Pesch, Megan H.; Lumeng, Julie C.

doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0619-3

Cited by 48 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Yet, this has not been systematically investigated in the eating and feeding domain. The need for observational research on eating and feeding behaviors has recently been highlighted (Pesch & Lumeng, 2017). A contribution of the current study is therefore that maternal reports seem to yield different information from observational data during this toddlerhood period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A contribution of the current study is therefore that maternal reports seem to yield different information from observational data during this toddlerhood period. As observations by independent raters may pick up on different aspects of eating behaviors compared to mothers, findings may have different implications for understanding early child eating and feeding behaviors as well as potential risk for later obesity (Pesch & Lumeng, 2017). That said, we found that mother reports of child desire to drink was associated with drinking engagement, suggesting that mothers’ observations of children are not entirely subjective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, we examined whether mother-reported child FR, SR and DD and observed child eating and drinking engagement at 27 months predicted EAH at 33 months of age. Based on prior research (Crandall & Wardle, 2007; Mallan et al, 2017; Pesch & Lumeng, 2017), we hypothesized that observed child eating and drinking engagement, compared to mother-reported child FR and DD, would be more predictive of EAH at 33 months of age.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, no studies have employed observational methods to assess child FR or SR by examining eating engagement (i.e., the amount of time child spends eating) during mealtimes. A strength of observational methods is that they are less subject to personal bias and allow for objective assessment of multiple behaviors (Pesch & Lumeng, 2017). It is reasonable to hypothesize that children who are more engaged in eating during a meal (i.e., spending more time eating) will be more likely to consume past satiation during the EAH protocol given that eating engagement can be considered a food approach behavior.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, although Lora and colleagues (2016) found that DD was associated with intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, this study was based on parent-report of child DD and intake of sugar-sweetened beverages. Toddler drinking engagement has also rarely been observationally assessed, despite the important potential benefits of using observational methods compared to maternal reports of child behaviors (Pesch & Lumeng 2017). Thus, it is unknown whether parent-report of child DD is associated with drinking engagement during mealtimes (i.e., the amount of time a child spends drinking).…”

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Longitudinal associations between eating and drinking engagement during mealtime and eating in the absence of hunger in low income toddlers

et al. 2018

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To develop effective obesity-related interventions during early life, it is important to identify predictors of eating in the absence of hunger during toddlerhood. Hence, this study examined longitudinal associations between child eating and drinking engagement at 27 months of age and child eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) at 33 months of age (N = 91 children; 57.1% boys). At 27 months of age, we coded child eating and drinking engagement during a videotaped naturalistic lunch meal at home. We also obtained mothers' reports of their child's food responsiveness (FR), satiety responsiveness (SR), and desire to drink (DD) using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Children participated in a standard EAH protocol at 27 and 33 months of age where they were presented with palatable foods and the amount of food eaten was assessed (calculated as total kilocalories consumed). Correlational analyses showed that EAH at 27 months of age was positively related to EAH at 33 months of age and that neither mother-reported child FR or SR were associated with child eating engagement. Mother-reported child DD was associated with child drinking engagement. To predict EAH at 33 months, a regression analysis was conducted in which EAH at 27 months, mother-reported and observed child eating and drinking engagement at 27 months were entered as predictors, controlling for child demographics (i.e., age, sex, race/ethnicity and weight-for-length z-score (WLZ). Findings were that children who were observed to engage in more drinking at 27 months of age consumed more energy (measured as kcal) in the EAH at 33 months of age. Implications for understanding eating, and drinking, behaviors in toddlerhood are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal associations between eating and drinking engagement during mealtime and eating in the absence of hunger in low income toddlers

et al. 2018

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Effect of Longer Family Meals on Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Intake

et al. 2023

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ImportanceFamily meals are a formative learning environment that shapes children’s food choices and preferences. As such, they are an ideal setting for efforts to improve children’s nutritional health.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of extending the duration of family meals on the fruit and vegetable intake in children.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial used a within-dyad manipulation design and was conducted from November 8, 2016, to May 5, 2017, in a family meal laboratory in Berlin, Germany. Included in the trial were children aged 6 to 11 years who did not follow a special diet or have food allergies and adult parents who served as the nutritional gatekeeper in the household (ie, the family member responsible for at least half of the food planning and preparation). All participants underwent 2 conditions: control, defined as regular family mealtime duration, and intervention, defined as 50% longer mealtime duration (10 minutes longer on average). Participants were randomized to the condition they would complete first. Statistical analyses of the full sample were conducted between June 2 and October 30, 2022.InterventionsParticipants had 2 free evening meals under different conditions. In the control or regular condition, each dyad ate in the same amount of time as their reported regular mealtime duration. In the intervention or longer condition, each dyad had 50% more time to eat than their reported regular mealtime duration.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the number of pieces of fruits and vegetables eaten by the child during a meal.ResultsA total of 50 parent-child dyads participated in the trial. Parents had a mean (range) age of 43 (28-55 years) years and were predominantly mothers (36 [72%]). Children had a mean (range) age of 8 (6-11) years and included an equal number of girls and boys (25 [50%]). Children ate significantly more pieces of fruits (t49 = 2.36, P = .01; mean difference [MD], 3.32 [95% CI, 0.96 to ∞]; Cohen d = 0.33) and vegetables (t49 = 3.66, P &lt; .001; MD, 4.05 [95% CI, 2.19 to ∞]; Cohen d = 0.52) in the longer condition than in the regular mealtime duration condition. Consumption of bread and cold cuts did not significantly differ between conditions. The children’s eating rate (bites per minute over the regular mealtime duration) was significantly lower in the longer than in the regular condition (t49 = −7.60, P &lt; .001; MD, −0.72 [95% CI, −0.56 to ∞]; Cohen d = 1.08). Children reported significantly higher satiety after the longer condition (V = 36.5, P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this randomized clinical trial suggest that the simple, low-threshold intervention of increasing family mealtime duration by approximately 10 minutes can improve the quality of children’s diet and eating behavior. The findings underscore the potential for such an intervention to improve public health.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03127579

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Automated Quantification of Eye Tics Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning Techniques

Conelea,

Liang,

DuBois

et al. 2023

Movement Disorders

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BackgroundTourette syndrome (TS) tics are typically quantified using “paper and pencil” rating scales that are susceptible to factors that adversely impact validity. Video‐based methods to more objectively quantify tics have been developed but are challenged by reliance on human raters and procedures that are resource intensive. Computer vision approaches that automate detection of atypical movements may be useful to apply to tic quantification.ObjectiveThe current proof‐of‐concept study applied a computer vision approach to train a supervised deep learning algorithm to detect eye tics in video, the most common tic type in patients with TS.MethodsVideos (N = 54) of 11 adolescent patients with TS were rigorously coded by trained human raters to identify 1.5‐second clips depicting “eye tic events” (N = 1775) and “non‐tic events” (N = 3680). Clips were encoded into three‐dimensional facial landmarks. Supervised deep learning was applied to processed data using random split and disjoint split regimens to simulate model validity under different conditions.ResultsArea under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.89 for the random split regimen, indicating high accuracy in the algorithm's ability to properly classify eye tic vs. non–eye tic movements. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.74 for the disjoint split regimen, suggesting that algorithm generalizability is more limited when trained on a small patient sample.ConclusionsThe algorithm was successful in detecting eye tics in unseen validation sets. Automated tic detection from video is a promising approach for tic quantification that may have future utility in TS screening, diagnostics, and treatment outcome measurement. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

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Methodological considerations for observational coding of eating and feeding behaviors in children and their families

Cited by 48 publications

References 55 publications

Longitudinal associations between eating and drinking engagement during mealtime and eating in the absence of hunger in low income toddlers

Longitudinal associations between eating and drinking engagement during mealtime and eating in the absence of hunger in low income toddlers

Effect of Longer Family Meals on Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Intake

Automated Quantification of Eye Tics Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning Techniques

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