Methodological Approaches for Vocal Folds Experiments in Laryngology: A Scoping Review

Fernandes, Ana Carolina Nascimento; Ferreira, Marcus Vinícius Nascimento; Serra, Lucieny Martins; Silva, Eduardo Magalhães da; Sampaio, André Luis; Kückelhaus, Selma Aparecida Souza

doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.07.025

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Rats and mice possess muscles and cartilages not found in humans, enabling them to produce ultrasounds [2]. Despite these structural differences, there are similarities in the neural circuits involved in controlling phonation and both species share similar vocal fold properties due to their similar composition [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central Autonomic Mechanisms Involved in the Control of Laryngeal Activity and Vocalization

González-García,

Carrillo-Franco,

Morales-Luque

et al. 2024

Biology

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In humans, speech is a complex process that requires the coordinated involvement of various components of the phonatory system, which are monitored by the central nervous system. The larynx in particular plays a crucial role, as it enables the vocal folds to meet and converts the exhaled air from our lungs into audible sounds. Voice production requires precise and sustained exhalation, which generates an air pressure/flow that creates the pressure in the glottis required for voice production. Voluntary vocal production begins in the laryngeal motor cortex (LMC), a structure found in all mammals, although the specific location in the cortex varies in humans. The LMC interfaces with various structures of the central autonomic network associated with cardiorespiratory regulation to allow the perfect coordination between breathing and vocalization. The main subcortical structure involved in this relationship is the mesencephalic periaqueductal grey matter (PAG). The PAG is the perfect link to the autonomic pontomedullary structures such as the parabrachial complex (PBc), the Kölliker–Fuse nucleus (KF), the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), and the nucleus retroambiguus (nRA), which modulate cardiovascular autonomic function activity in the vasomotor centers and respiratory activity at the level of the generators of the laryngeal-respiratory motor patterns that are essential for vocalization. These cores of autonomic structures are not only involved in the generation and modulation of cardiorespiratory responses to various stressors but also help to shape the cardiorespiratory motor patterns that are important for vocal production. Clinical studies show increased activity in the central circuits responsible for vocalization in certain speech disorders, such as spasmodic dysphonia because of laryngeal dystonia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%