Method to quantitatively partition the temporal preferential flow and matrix infiltration in forest soil

Zhang, Jing; Lei, Tingwu; Qu, Liqin; Zhang, Manliang; Chen, Ping; Gao, Xiaosheng; Chen, Chao; Yuan, Lili

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.03.026

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Coupling temperature‐based estimates with EC estimates of preferential flow, which are less common, would allow for more fine calibration of estimates based on temperature. These estimates of preferential flow could be used to test or verify hypotheses posited by numerous studies about the relationships of preferential flow to soil structure (Macrae et al., 2019), runoff volumes (Zhang et al., 2019), and P loads (Grant, Macrae, & Ali, 2019). This information could also be used to improve models of subsurface flow and P transport from soil columns (Urbina et al., 2019) to watershed and regional scales (Vogel, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Contribution of preferential flow to tile drainage varies spatially and temporally

Pluer

Macrae

Buckley

et al. 2020

Vadose Zone Journal

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Tile drainage of agricultural fields is a conduit for nutrient losses. Preferential flow in the soil can more directly connect surface runoff with tile drainage compared with matrix flow, which may also increase P losses. In this study, water temperature was monitored in surface runoff and tile drainage and electrical conductivity (EC) was measured in tile drainage at two sites in southern Ontario with different soil types (i.e., clay and loam). These data were used to estimate the percentage of preferential flow in tile drainage based on end member mixing. Estimates using temperature were compared with estimates using EC, and both were evaluated across seasons and hydrographs and compared with P concentration and load data. There was strong correlation (r = .83) between estimates of preferential flow using the two methods, but due to variability in surface temperatures, EC provided a less flashy estimate for preferential flow (Durbin-Watson statistics of 0.34 for temperature and 0.09 for EC). Preferential flow accounted for a higher percentage of tile drainage flow in clay soil than loam, but percentages were not significantly different between seasons or timing within events. Phosphorus concentrations and loads were weakly correlated with preferential flow, suggesting that P transport was influenced by other factors as well. Although further work is necessary to calibrate these methods for estimating preferential flow from continuously monitored temperature and EC, this technique can be applied to already collected data to model and test posited explanations of observed phenomena in P, other nutrients, and water transport from tile-drained agricultural land.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Contribution of preferential flow to tile drainage varies spatially and temporally

Pluer

Macrae

Buckley

et al. 2020

Vadose Zone Journal

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“…Most likely, this is an effect of soil compaction. Many soils have infiltration patterns characterized by uniform flow close to the soil surface and a higher degree of preferential flow at depth (Zhang et al, 2019). When the topsoil is compacted or eroded, the area of uniform flow is reduced, and in several preferential flow indices, this would appear as an increase in the degree of preferential flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive livestock grazing overrides the positive effects of trees on infiltration capacity and modifies preferential flow in dry miombo woodlands

et al. 2022

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The increase in livestock grazing in African drylands such as miombo woodlands threatens land productivity and ecosystem functioning. Trees have positive effects on soil hydraulic properties, but few studies have looked at grazing intensity and hydrological functioning in different land uses. Therefore, we conducted a biophysical survey in Morogoro Rural District, Tanzania, where we identified four main land uses and land cover types, that is, Forest reserve, open-access forest, cropland under fallow, and active cropland. We assessed grazing intensity, measured infiltration capacity, and conducted dye tracer experiments to assess the degree of preferential flow in 64 plots. We also tested the effect of grazing exclusion on infiltration capacity in 12-year-old fenced plots. Our results show that irrespective of land use or cover type, soil bulk density increased by 10% from low to high grazing intensity, whereas infiltration capacity and soil organic carbon decreased by 55% and 28%, respectively.We found a positive relationship between infiltration capacity and tree basal area in plots with lowest grazing intensities. However, at higher grazing, the infiltration capacity remained low independently of the basal area. Preferential flow in deeper soils was six-times higher in areas with no grazing, indicating higher deep soil and groundwater recharge potential at low grazing intensities. We conclude that the negative impacts on soil hydrological functioning of excessive livestock grazing override the positive effect of trees, but restricting grazing can reverse the impact.

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“…When the thawed depth is shallow, the flow path in soil is conducive to the infiltration of soil water and the rapid outflow of subsurface flow along the smooth surface of the frozen layer. It could be supported by the conclusion that the preferential flow accounts for 66-82% of total infiltration in naturel woodlands (Zhang et al, 2019). Therefore, the surface runoff was relatively low for the STD.…”

Section: Runoff Generation Processesmentioning

confidence: 80%

Field experimental study on the effect of thawed depth of frozen alpine meadow soil on rill erosion by snowmelt waterflow

Shi

Zhang

Lei

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Soil erosion by snow or ice melt waterflow is an important type of soil erosion in many high-altitude and high-latitude regions. The snowmelt waterflow erosion process, affected by soil freeze and thaw, is highly dynamically variable. In this study, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of thawed depth of frozen soil profile on snowmelt waterflow erosion of alpine meadow soil in the spring. The experiments involved five thawed depths from 0 to 100 mm under two snowmelt waterflow rates of 3 L/min and 5 L/min. The unthawed soil or shallow-thawed depth of 10 mm significantly altered the runoff and sediment production mechanism, including a significant delay of the runoff generation time and change of hydrograph and sedigraph. When the soil was frozen, the topsoil was structured with large open voids, to retain water and impede flow. This resulted in runoff generation time that was greatly lagged and soil erosion in the initial stage that was inhibited. The relationship curve of runoff and sediment concentration showed two-stage patterns that characterized a limited sediment supply in the early stage and hydrodynamic-controlled processes in the later stage. The deep-thawed cases ([?] 30 mm) showed similar hydrograph and sedigraph patterns with unfrozen soil condition. The findings of this study provide guidance for the future improvement of erosion model of partially thawed soil. Keywords: snowmelt waterflow erosion; thawed soil depth; soil freeze and thaw; runoff generation; sediment rating curve Field experimental study on the effect of thawed depth of frozen alpine meadow soil on rill erosion by snowmelt waterflow

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Method to quantitatively partition the temporal preferential flow and matrix infiltration in forest soil

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

Contribution of preferential flow to tile drainage varies spatially and temporally

Contribution of preferential flow to tile drainage varies spatially and temporally

Excessive livestock grazing overrides the positive effects of trees on infiltration capacity and modifies preferential flow in dry miombo woodlands

Field experimental study on the effect of thawed depth of frozen alpine meadow soil on rill erosion by snowmelt waterflow

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