Method to Emboss Holograms into the Surface of Sheet Metals

Behrens, Bernd‐Arno; Krimm, Richard; Jocker, Jan; Reithmeier, Eduard; Roth, Bernhard; Rahlves, Maik

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.549.125

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Morphotonix have also developed injection molding based structural color templates that can be used to fabricate custom-made secure plastic seals [116]. Similarly, holographic structures manufactured by embossing techniques on polymeric and sheet metal substrates have also been investigated for anticounterfeiting applications [21,221].…”

Section: Structural Colored Functional Surfaces and Product Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-inspired textures for functional applications

et al. 2018

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Introduction: bio-inspired surface textures-nature's tool for delivering functional surfaces 'It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but the most responsive to change,' said Charles Darwin. Survival of the fittest is a famous phrase of Herbert Spencer, which describes the idea that, in nature, there is a competition to survive and reproduce. Survival and change are two critical terms, especially as species on earth over millions of years are in continuous combat with changing environments. These environments are typically harsh for organisms to live in, but despite these difficulties organisms have survived and thrived by building harmonic ecosystems within divergent environments including marshy and muddy; deep cold and snowy; hot, dry and desert; and more. Living organisms interact and interface with their surroundings through their outer layers, their surfaces which have adapted and evolved with novel but simple designs and functional properties in this process of combat and survival.The surface (and sub-surface) of an organism, also called skin, is an important interface between an organism and its environment, serving a mission critical role in the process of adaptation and survival. Skin surfaces interact with aggressive environmental factors such as temperature, moisture, abrasive agents such as sand and ice, pH, bacteria and viruses, light, mating abrasive or super smooth surfaces, etc. and their combinations. To combat these aggressive factors, skins have evolved unique design architectures that achieve multifunctional properties including (but not limited to) adhesion, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, thermal-management, anti-reflection, structural colors, and spherical vision as highlighted in Fig. 1.The skins of organisms, from here onwards called surfaces, deliver these environment-specific properties by combining textures and material chemistries to exploit classical laws of physics to achieve superior functional properties. The term surface texture captures various facets of a construct including the repetitive arrangement of features, the various shapes and sizes of features (in 2-D and 3-D), and the hierarchical distribution of quasi-periodic connected structures in a multi-dimensional space CIRP Annals -Manufacturing Technology xxx (2018) xxx-xxx

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Section: Structural Colored Functional Surfaces and Product Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-inspired textures for functional applications

et al. 2018

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“…. According to the available literature, the smallest structures was examined by Behrens et al who used the coining process to produce holograms on metallic surfaces for optical improvement and brand protection. The coining process also allows manufacturing of channel and rib structures in thin sheet parts, which are used in micro heat exchangers and reaction cells .…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of Manufacturing Micro Lubrication Pockets in High Strength Steels by Hot Micro‐Coining

Szurdak

2014

steel research int.

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The tribological properties of lubricated machine elements can be improved by micro lubrication pockets. Depending on the application's tribological system, the pocket dimension needs to be adjusted to achieve an optimum in friction and wear reduction. With respect to production efficiency, a forming operation would be suited to manufacture these pockets. In this work, finite element models were developed to study the steps of the hot micro‐coining process: heating, cutting, and coining of micro lubrication pockets. Experiments have been conducted to validate the models and to investigate the emissivity and heat transfer coefficient between tool and specimen by inverse modeling. It was found that the results of the simulations agree well with the experiments as long as the elastic tool deformation is taken into account, which influences the process time. Thus, suitable process parameters and limits have been determined for the coining of hemispherical lubrication pockets in stainless steel AISI 304. An initial forming temperature above 540 °C is recommended to avoid plastic deformation of the die. Complete form filling was achieved at a normalized pressure of three due to the high specimen temperature of 785 °C.

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“…을 기반으로 한 여러 엠보싱 공정 (Spatial light modulator [11], femto-second laser [13], low-cost fiber laser [14][15][16], UV nanosecond laser pulses [12,17]) 을 통해 발전하여 최근에는 스테인리스 스틸 혹은 니켈기 초 합금 등에서도 나노 패터닝을 성공적으로 수행할 수 있게 되었다 [17].…”

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Optimization of Holographic Imprinting Process for Metallic Glass using Thermoplastic Forming

Ryu¹,

Ryu²,

Kim³

et al. 2022

Korean J. Met. Mater.

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The thermoplastic forming (TPF) process of metallic glass (MG) is a unique and powerful method that cannot be performed using conventional crystalline alloys. Because the mechanical and thermal properties of MGs are more favorable with smaller sample sizes, TPF is particularly useful for microscale and nanoscale part molding and micro-patterning. One of the promising commercial MG applications that can take full advantage of these characteristics is hologram patterning. Holograms can be used to identify unique brands, using characteristics with patterns that are difficult to replicate. Their excellent aesthetic qualities can also greatly contribute to increased product value. In this study, we developed and performed a TPF process for actual holographic imprinting with Mg-based MGs, and further investigated the TPF processing window, covering a wide range of temperature and process time conditions through thermal analysis, with ultra-fast heating rates ranging from 100 to 25000 K/s using Flash-DSC. The results of this study serve as a practical guide for identifying the full range of TPF processing windows including conventional and ultrafast heating conditions for micro-scale and nanoscale molding of various MGs. Moreover, a methodology is proposed to identify the general TPF processing window (η<108Pa· s) and the ideal TPF processing window (η<104Pa· s) by estimating the viscosity (η) of the supercooled liquid. Accordingly, this study is expected to be utilized to optimize the TPF process of MGs and promote the commercialization of related industries.

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Method to Emboss Holograms into the Surface of Sheet Metals

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Bio-inspired textures for functional applications

Bio-inspired textures for functional applications

Finite Element Analysis of Manufacturing Micro Lubrication Pockets in High Strength Steels by Hot Micro‐Coining

Optimization of Holographic Imprinting Process for Metallic Glass using Thermoplastic Forming

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