Method to determine fenthion and five oxidative metabolites in fat

Wright, Fred C.; Riner, Jayme C.

doi:10.1021/jf60219a036

Cited by 3 publications

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References 3 publications

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“…The residues of fenthion and oxidative metabolites in the fat samples were determined by the method of Wright and Riner (1978). This method is a modification of the method of Bowman and Beroza (1968) which was used to determine residues of these compounds in corn, grass, and milk.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation and deposition of residues of fenthion and oxidative metabolites in fat of cattle

Wright¹,

Riner²

1979

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation and deposition of residues of fenthion and oxidative metabolites in fat of cattle

Wright¹,

Riner²

1979

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Since the first attempts to analyze fenthion and its metabolites in corn, grass, and milk using a gas chromatography (GC) equipped flame photometric detector (FPD) to determine their metabolic pathway, several analytical methods have been reported using a UV detector [18], nitrogen-phosphorous detector (NPD) [15,[19][20][21], and FPD [22]. It was reported that analyzing fenthion sulfoxides by GC is challenging because sulfoxide can easily be oxidized and converted into a sulfone form in the injection port of a gas chromatograph.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Analysis of Fenthion and Its Five Metabolites in Produce Using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Lee

Kim

2020

Molecules

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A simultaneous analytical method for the organophosphorus insecticide fenthion and its five metabolites (fenthion oxon, fenthion oxon sulfoxide, fenthion oxon sulfone, fenthion sulfoxide, and fenthion sulfone) was developed based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Five matrices (brown rice, chili pepper, orange, potato, and soybean) were selected to validate the method. The target compounds were analyzed using positive electrospray ionization in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. For the best sensitivity in regard to the detector response, water and methanol containing formic acid (0.1%) were selected as the mobile phase. The optimum extraction efficiency was obtained through a citrate-buffered QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method. Recovery tests were carried out at three spiking levels (n = 3). At all fortification levels, the accuracy and precision results were between 70% and 120% with a relative standard deviation of ≤15%. The limit of quantitation was 0.01 mg/kg, and the correlation coefficients (r 2 ) of the matrix-matched calibration curves were >0.99. Significant signal suppression in the detector responses were observed for all matrices, suggesting that a compensation method, such as matrix-matched calibration, is required to provide accurate quantitative results. The applicability of the presented method was confirmed for the simultaneous analysis of fenthion and its metabolites in various crops.is a widely used insecticide belonging to the organophosphate group. As an inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase, fenthion has been used to control a wide range of pests, such as fruit flies, mosquitoes, mites, and aphids in a variety of crops [6]. Although fenthion exhibits moderate toxicity and is classified as toxicity Class II by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the adverse effect of fenthion on the environment is a controversial issue due to the high toxicity on non-target birds, aquatic invertebrates, and honey bee [7]. Moreover, it has been reported that the acute and chronic dietary risks of fenthion exceed the concern level suggested by the EPA for the general U.S population [8]. The cumulative effect of fenthion caused by its high solubility in fat tissue could be considered another threat to human health. [9]. To protect human health, animals, and the environment, continuous risk mitigation measures ought to be taken to reduce any possible risks from fenthion exposure. However, due to its broad-spectrum applicability in agriculture, fenthion is often detected in a variety of foods and environments [10,11]. Therefore, a reliable analytical method for the determination of fenthion residues is necessary to evaluate food safety and possible risks to human health.The five degradation products, fenthion oxon, fenthion oxon sulfone, fenthion oxon sulfoxide, fenthion sulfone, and fenthion sulfoxide, are the major metabolites of fenthion, which are produced as the result of metabolism in animals, plants, and thei...

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Determination of the half life of fenthion in New Zealand white rabbits using three routes of administration

Emteres¹,

Abdelghani²

1985

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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The purpose of this research was to determine if the route of administration influenced the biological half life of fenthion, an organophosphorous insecticide. Twenty mg/kg fenthion was given to groups of New Zealand White Rabbits via the oral, subcutaneous and intravenous routes respectively. The distribution of fenthion in the blood of New Zealand rabbits followed an open two compartment model. There were no significant differences in the kinetic parameters (2, beta, K12, K21, Kel) derived for the three different routes of administration. The biological half life of slightly over 11 hours, did not differ significantly with the route of administration.

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Method to determine fenthion and five oxidative metabolites in fat

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Biotransformation and deposition of residues of fenthion and oxidative metabolites in fat of cattle

Biotransformation and deposition of residues of fenthion and oxidative metabolites in fat of cattle

Simultaneous Analysis of Fenthion and Its Five Metabolites in Produce Using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Determination of the half life of fenthion in New Zealand white rabbits using three routes of administration

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