Method of smoldering combustion for refinery oil sludge treatment

Zhao, Cheng; Li, Yuzhong; Gan, Zongwei; Nie, Maofeng

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124995

Cited by 55 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Oil is one of the most abundant energy resources worldwide [1]; its extraction, transportation, storage, and processing are associated with the formation of a significant amount of waste, including oil sludge (OS) [2][3][4][5][6][7]. This type of high-hazard waste comprises water, oil, mineral impurities, and different deposits (sand, clay, silt, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ratio of these components varies within a wide range, depending on the type of oil and the way it is stored and processed. According to [3,4,9], the annual amount of OS formation is about 60 million tons. Because of the lack of resource-efficient and environmentally friendly approaches to sustainable OS management, their long-term accumulation can cause global environmental problems, such as the large-scale pollution of soil, atmosphere, and groundwater, that endanger human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most effective and promising methods of OS processing is its thermal conversion (pyrolysis, gasification, combustion) [2][3][4]10]. The OS combustion method can be unstable due to the instability of the component composition of this material [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steam Pyrolysis of Oil Sludge for Energy-Valuable Products

et al. 2022

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Experimental studies of the steam pyrolysis of oil sludge were performed using a flow-type pilot plant with 300 kg/h capacity (raw material) to obtain energy-valuable products, such as liquid hydrocarbons (30.4 wt%), semi-coke (39.6 wt%), non-condensable gas-phase compounds (26.5 wt%), and bitumen (3.5 wt%). The pyrolysis process was conducted at a temperature of 650 ° C and with a steam flow rate of 150 kg/h. Liquid hydrocarbons were considered a target product. Comprehensive studies of their physicochemical characteristics, atomization process, droplet ignition, and combustion were carried out. The studied sample had physicochemical characteristics similar to traditional fuel oil (calorific value—42.6 MJ/kg, sulfur content—0.8 wt%). The jet spraying angle was 25° in view of the improved rheological properties of the test sample, with a homogeneous jet structure and a predominant droplet diameter of no more than 0.4 mm. The flame combustion process was accompanied by the formation of microexplosions, the frequency and intensity of which depended on the temperature of the air (Tg = 450–700 °C). This study, in view of its applied nature, is of interest in the design of new installations and technological systems for hydrocarbon pyrolysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steam Pyrolysis of Oil Sludge for Energy-Valuable Products

et al. 2022

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“…Smoldering is slow, low-temperature, and flameless burning of porous fuels, which is an important and complex phenomenon [1,2]. The application of it in the field of waste-to-energy conversion such as sludge treatment [3], recovery of resources from waste streams [4], and biomass energy conversion [5] has attracted lots of attention in recent years. The main advantages are its low temperature of the solid phase [6] and self-sustainability in a fuel bed with high moisture content (75-80 wt.%) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Smoldering on Moist Rice Husk for Silica Production

Yan

Yin

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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In order to assess the possibility of silica production via smoldering of moist rice husk, experiments of washed (moist) rice husk (7 kg with moisture content of 51%) in a newly designed smoldering apparatus was performed. The temperature inside the fuel bed during smoldering was recorded, and characteristics of ash were analyzed. Results showed that the highest temperature in the middle of the naturally piled fuel bed was about 560.0 °C, lower than those in most of combustors. Some volatiles from the lower part of the fuel bed adhere to its upper ash during piled smoldering. Silica content and specific surface area of ash from smoldering of washed (moist) rice husk were 86.4% and 84.9 m2/g, respectively. Compared to our experiments, they are close to smoldering of unwashed rice husk (89.0%, 67.7 m2/g); different from muffle furnace burning (600 °C, 2 h) of washed (93.4%, 164.9 m2/g) and un-washed (90.2%, 45.7 m2/g) rice husk. The specific surface area is higher than those from most industrial methods (from 11.4 to 39.3 m2/g). After some improvements, the smoldering process has great potential in mass product of high quality silica directly from moist rice husk.

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“…In many countries, FTWR is classified as hazardous waste. If improperly handled, it will produce toxic and hazardous substances [11,12], causing damage to the ecological environment and posing a threat to human health. Reports have reported that approximately 20,000 tons of slag wax are produced in China each year, 60% of the slag wax is incinerated, and the rest is used for landfill [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wax Separated Effectively from Fischer-Tropsch Wax Residue by Solvent Desorption: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Analysis

Zheng

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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The separation and recycling of effective resources in Fischer-Tropsch wax residue (FTWR) are urgent because of the environmental hazards and energy waste they bring. In this study, organic solvents are used to separate recyclable resources from FTWR efficiently, achieving the goals of “Energy Recycle” and “Fisher-Tropsch Wax Residue Treatment”. The response surface methodology (RSM) response surface analysis model accurately evaluates the relationship among temperature, residence time, liquid–solid ratio, and desorption rate and obtains the best process parameters. The results show that the product yield can reach 82.28% under the conditions of 80 °C, 4 h, and the liquid–solid ratio of 24.4 mL/g. Through the kinetic analysis of the desorption process of FTWR, the results show that the desorption process conforms to the pseudo second-order kinetic model and the internal diffusion model. The thermodynamic function results showed that there were not only van der Waals forces in the desorption process, but other strong interaction forces such as hydrogen bonds. In addition, Langmuir, Freundlich, and BET equations are used to describe the desorption equilibrium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the pore structure of FTWR during desorption. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis confirmed that the desorption product’s main component was hydrocarbons (50.38 wt%). Furthermore, naphthenic (22.95 wt%), primary alcohol (11.62 wt%), esters (8.7 wt%), and aromatic hydrocarbons (6.35 wt%) compounds were found and can be further purified and applied to other industrial fields. This study shows that using petroleum ether to separate and recover clean resources from Fischer-Tropsch wax residue is feasible and efficient and has potential industrial application prospects.

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Method of smoldering combustion for refinery oil sludge treatment

Cited by 55 publications

References 22 publications

Steam Pyrolysis of Oil Sludge for Energy-Valuable Products

Steam Pyrolysis of Oil Sludge for Energy-Valuable Products

Characteristics of Smoldering on Moist Rice Husk for Silica Production

Wax Separated Effectively from Fischer-Tropsch Wax Residue by Solvent Desorption: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Analysis

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