Method of sampling and laboratory extraction affects interpretation of grain infestation by storage pests

Stejskal, V.; Aulický, Radek; Kučerová, Zuzana; Lukáš, J.

doi:10.1007/bf03356252

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, the actual insect numbers caught in pitfall traps are influenced by a number of factors, including grain temperature, the particular insect species, and the duration of the trapping interval (Fargo et al, 2006 at depths of 0.3, 0.9, and 1.8 m at the north, south, and center positions in three bins with pressure aeration (P) and three bins with suction aeration (S). [a] Depth ( Hagstrum, 2000;Athanassiou et al, 2003;Stejskal et al, 2008). We tried to maintain consistency with the trapping intervals, but there was still considerable variation in insect species collected in the individual traps and the overall species composition, which is consistent with our previous study (Arthur and Casada, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Directional Flow of Summer Aeration to Manage Insect Pests in Stored Wheat

Arthur¹,

Casada²

2010

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

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Field trials were conducted in metal wheat storage bins to determine whether pressure aeration, pushing ambient air from the bottom, or suction aeration, pulling air down from the top, would be more efficient at cooling the wheat mass and thereby limiting insect population growth. Aeration was accomplished at an approximate airflow rate of 0.22 to 0.31 m 3 /min/t and was done by adjusting thermostatic controllers to operate the aeration fans when ambient temperatures fell below specified thresholds. Summer and autumn cooling cycles using suction aeration cooled the warmest part of the bin, the top of the grain mass first, which resulted in lower overall wheat mass temperatures compared to pressure aeration, where the top of the grain mass always remained warmer than with suction aeration. This cooling effect was most pronounced in the upper surface of the grain mass, and insect pest populations as measured by pitfall traps were consistently less in bins with suction versus pressure aeration. Results seem to indicate that suction aeration would be more beneficial than pressure aeration for controlling insect pests in wheat stored in the southern plains of the United States.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Directional Flow of Summer Aeration to Manage Insect Pests in Stored Wheat

Arthur¹,

Casada²

2010

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

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“…A total of 142 grain samples (2.5 kg each) were collected. Each sample consisted of five sub‐samples (0.5 kg) taken from five different points in a single chamber (Stejskal et al , 2003, 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential levels of mite infestation of wheat and barley in Czech grain stores

et al. 2009

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While mites are able to utilize numerous food sources, the suitability of the food strongly influences population growth. The different suitabilities of various stored agricultural products will thus affect the level of infestation. In this study, we compared field mite infestation rates in two stored cereals: wheat and barley. We analyzed mite abundance, frequency and species composition in samples of grain obtained from 79 selected Czech grain stores. Stored barley seemed to be more vulnerable to mite attack than wheat, as we consistently found more infested samples, more species and higher mean and median mite abundance per sample in barley as compared to wheat. The mean mite abundance per sample were 55 and 506 individuals for wheat and barley, respectively. In barley, 10% of samples exceeded allergen risk threshold (i.e., 1 000 individuals per kg of grain). Altogether, 25 species were identified from approximately 35 000 individuals. The most frequently identified species were the same in wheat and barley, that is, Tydeus interruptus Sig Thor, Acarus siro L., Tarsonemus granarius Lindquist, Lepidoglyphus destructor (Schrank) and Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank). Based on principal components analysis, we found a closer association of T. interruptus, T. putrescentiae, L. destructor and Cheyletus eruditus (Schrank) with barley samples, corresponding to the high frequency and abundance values of these mites. The probable reasons for the higher infestation, especially mite abundance in barley, are discussed in relation to the higher proportion of crushed parts, which may release favorable nutrient sources and amplify the abundance values.

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“…Spear samples underestimate the population densities at actual insect densities of 0.25, 0.4, 2, and 10 insects per kilogram of grain [93]. Published researches conclude that (1) estimation of population densities at or below 1 insect/kg by using conventional sample sizes might be impossible [90,91,93]; (2) sampling methods might influence the characterized insect distribution patterns [94,95]; (3) using different sampling methods might result in different insect densities; and 4) using manual sampling methods to estimate insect densities with less than 60% relative variances might not be practical when insect densities are lower than 1.0 insect/kg [90,91].…”

Section: Influences Of Insect Movement On Ipm Decisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Stored Product Insect Movements on Integrated Pest Management Decisions

Jian

2019

Insects

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Insect movement inside and outside grain bulks and processed products influences pest management decisions. Movement allows insects to find essential food resources, shelters (refuges), warmer and/or humid locations, mating and egg-laying sites, even when they are rare in fields, buildings, mills, warehouses, and inside grain masses. This review discussed the advantages and disadvantages of stored product insect movements, and the influence of insect mobility on some integrated pest management practices. Insect movement (1) results in clumped insect spatial distributions and thus makes large sample sizes necessary for monitoring; (2) makes trapping more efficient, but is influenced by many factors; (3) allows control methods to be effective, but requires pest management programs to be area-wide; (4) makes eradication of quarantine pests difficult and commodities are quickly re-infested; and (5) results in a diverse genetic pool and speeds the development of resistance to pesticides. Any element of an IPM approach should use the knowledge of insect movement. Reasons for the difficult interpretation of cryptic movement behaviours of insects were provided and future research areas were suggested.

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Method of sampling and laboratory extraction affects interpretation of grain infestation by storage pests

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Directional Flow of Summer Aeration to Manage Insect Pests in Stored Wheat

Directional Flow of Summer Aeration to Manage Insect Pests in Stored Wheat

Differential levels of mite infestation of wheat and barley in Czech grain stores

Influences of Stored Product Insect Movements on Integrated Pest Management Decisions

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