Method of probing inner-structure of geophysical substance with the horizontal cosmic-ray muons and possible application to volcanic eruption prediction

Nagamine, K.; Iwasaki, M.; Shimomura, K.; Ishida, K.

doi:10.1016/0168-9002(94)01169-9

Cited by 171 publications

(106 citation statements)

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“…The structure of the Second Pyramid of Giza was confirmed to have no hidden chambers by measuring directional variation of cosmic-ray muons incident to the detectors installed in the Pyramid [3]. It took, however, a quarter of century to get started a real application of cosmic-ray muon radiography by using near-horizontal cosmic-ray muons whose intensity is two orders of magnitude lower than vertical ones [4]. By measuring the positional distribution of the intensity attenuation of the penetrating cosmic-rays, the inner-structure of the world's largest blast furnaces of the Nippon Steel Corporation have been studied during a time of its full operation [5], based upon the experiences of radiography of the volcanic mountains [4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It took, however, a quarter of century to get started a real application of cosmic-ray muon radiography by using near-horizontal cosmic-ray muons whose intensity is two orders of magnitude lower than vertical ones [4]. By measuring the positional distribution of the intensity attenuation of the penetrating cosmic-rays, the inner-structure of the world's largest blast furnaces of the Nippon Steel Corporation have been studied during a time of its full operation [5], based upon the experiences of radiography of the volcanic mountains [4,6]. Investigations of the inner status of the damaged Fukushima nuclear reactors are in progress by using multiple-scattering method of cosmic-ray muons [7,8] along with the transmission radiography [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of cosmic-ray muon spin rotation radiography to investigate chemical and physical states of steels in large-scale architecture

Fujimaki¹,

Nagamine²,

Torikai³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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We propose a cosmic-ray muon spin rotation radiography to investigate physical and chemical status of steels in large-scale architectures based on the experimental results obtained for Fe and concrete by using cosmic-ray and accelerator muons. Spin polarized positive muons contained in the cosmic-rays were stopped in the Fe plates provide a characteristic spin rotation signal of decay positrons. Signals of decay electrons from negative muons stopped in Fe are separated from those of decay positrons, by nature of their different lifetimes in the samples. After subtraction of decay electrons, we have successfully extracted muon spin rotation with 47.2 ± 0.7 MHz in frequency and 8.7 ± 4.6 μs -1 in relaxation rate. These values are consistent with those obtained from reference experiment using intensive muons provided by an accelerator, verifying validity of analysis. This method is quite promising to investigate steels at near-surface (20 cm thick from the surface).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of cosmic-ray muon spin rotation radiography to investigate chemical and physical states of steels in large-scale architecture

Fujimaki¹,

Nagamine²,

Torikai³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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“…The first application of this method was realised to search for unknown burial cavities in the Chephren's pyramid (Alvarez et al, 1970). The pioneering work done in Japan for the radiography of the edifice of volcanoes by using quasi-horizontal cosmic ray muons (Nagamine et al, 1995;Tanaka et al, 2003Tanaka et al, , 2005Tanaka et al, , 2007aTanaka et al, -c, 2008Tanaka and Yokoyama, 2008) opened new possibilities for the study of their internal structure. The spatial resolution that in principle can be reached in investigations of internal structures is of the order of tens of meters, which cannot be achieved with other techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives for the radiography of Mt. Vesuvius by cosmic ray muons

et al. 2010

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The measurements performed in Japan have shown that muon radiography is an "imaging technique" capable of providing information of the internal structure of volcanoes with a resolution and richness of details beyond the reach of conventional, non-imaging techniques. The measurements have been performed using electronic detectors or nuclear emulsions. The latter have shown excellent muon tracking capabilities and space resolution, but are lacking of the capability of electronic detectors to provide data in real time. In this paper, we examine the possibility of developing an electronic detector giving a resolution comparable to that of nuclear emulsions and with a larger area than used so far, in order to see deeper structures inside volcanoes in spite of the strong muon absorption in the rock. We specifically discuss the very challenging application of muon radiography to Mt. Vesuvius, driven by the strong social interest coming from the enormous potential danger which it represents. Applications to other volcanoes can be envisaged.

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“…Recent technological advances in cosmic-ray muon radiography (Nagamine et al, 1996) has enabled scientists to better determine the internal structure of a volcano. Cosmic-ray muons, which are characterized by small horizontal angles at sea level, are high-energy particles that can penetrate through a volcano.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a muon radiographic imaging electronic board system for a stable solar power operation

Uchida

Tanaka

2010

Earth Planet Sp

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Cosmic-ray muon radiography is a method that is used to study the internal structure of volcanoes. We have developed a muon radiographic imaging board with a power consumption low enough to be powered by a small solar power system. The imaging board generates an angular distribution of the muons. Used for realtime reading, the method may facilitate the prediction of eruptions. For real-time observations, the Ethernet is employed, and the board works as a web server for a remote operation. The angular distribution can be obtained from a remote PC via a network using a standard web browser. We have collected and analyzed data obtained from a 3-day field study of cosmic-ray muons at a Satsuma-Iwojima volcano. The data provided a clear image of the mountain ridge as a cosmic-ray muon shadow. The measured performance of the system is sufficient for a stand-alone cosmic-ray muon radiography experiment.

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Method of probing inner-structure of geophysical substance with the horizontal cosmic-ray muons and possible application to volcanic eruption prediction

Cited by 171 publications

References 1 publication

Development of cosmic-ray muon spin rotation radiography to investigate chemical and physical states of steels in large-scale architecture

Development of cosmic-ray muon spin rotation radiography to investigate chemical and physical states of steels in large-scale architecture

Perspectives for the radiography of Mt. Vesuvius by cosmic ray muons

Development of a muon radiographic imaging electronic board system for a stable solar power operation

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