Method of Operational Control and Management of Electrochemical Energy Storage Device in the Systems of Electricity Supply of Vehicles

Abstract

Purpose. The main purpose of our work is to develop a method of rational control of dynamic operation modes of electrochemical energy storage devices to increase the efficiency of their operation as part of the energy supply systems of vehicles. Methodology. The authors reviewed the world literature on the topic of the work. The existing control methods of electrochemical energy storage devices were systematized and classified. Peculiarities and possibilities of their application taking into account the specifics of operation on vehicles, which are characterized by dynamic modes with unpredictable changes in the energy balance due to uncontrolled undercharges and overcharges were taken into account. The analysis of existing control methods showed that their common disadvantage is the use as information parameters to control and manage the operation modes of storage device, such as voltage and operating current, the values of which do not correspond to the current energy state of the device due to the fleeting nature of transient electrochemical processes in the device during operation in dynamic modes. The conclusion is made about the need to take into account the energy parameters of storage devices in the process of managing dynamic modes, which most fully and objectively reflect their performance. The advantage of pulse control methods of storage devices in dynamic modes of operation over DC methods is shown. Findings. The authors substantiated and experimentally confirmed the versatility of the developed galvanostatic method, which allows simultaneous control of the current energy state of the storage device and operational management of dynamic modes of its operation using a common criterion of control and management – the utilization factor of active materials, the information equivalent of which is the value of the area under the depolarization curve on the response signal of the device to the test pulse. Originality. For the first time it is proposed to combine the functions of control of the current energy state of the storage device and operational management of the dynamic modes of its operation with the use of the utilization factor of active materials. Practical value. The obtained results can be used to ensure the optimal operation mode of energy storage in the power supply systems of vehicles.