Method of Diagnosing the Technical Condition of the Barrels and Ammunition on the Basis of the Identification Characteristics of the Ballistic Elements of the Shot

Abstract

Проведено аналіз сучасних методів діагностування технічного стану каналів стволів та боєприпасів до вогнепальної зброї. Запропоновано перспективний метод діагностування, визначено його зміст. Обґрунтовано потребу у встановленні зв'язку між технічним станом каналів стволів та боєприпасів і характеристиками балістичних елементів пострілу. Визначено за доцільне розв'язування рівнянь внутрішньої балістики чисельним методом для моделювання перебігу процесу пострілу за наявності дефектів каналів стволів і боєприпасів. Розглянуто принципи побудови різницевої схеми. К л ю ч о в і с л о в а: канал ствола, боєприпаси, технічний стан, балістичний елемент пострілу, діагностування, дефект каналу ствола, рівняння внутрішньої балістики, різницева схема, чисельний метод.

Development of a method for predicting barrel wear resistance when using ammunition with a long storage life

“…Studies of the main dependencies of the internal ballistics of small arms show that the values of the powder burning rate and the maximum pressure of the powder gases are most sensitive to physico-chemical changes in the powder charge. The results of independent studies in different countries [1,11,[13][14][15] indicate that the intra-ballistic characteristics accompanying the shot of ammunition with a calendar shelf life of more than 15 years differ significantly from the tabulated ones.…”

Study of the nitrocellulose gunpowder regeneration process using hydrogen peroxide

“…Ballistic stability plays a decisive role in determining the service life of propellants [1,2,[8][9][10]. The duration of storage of gunpowder is of exceptionally great importance, since it is related to the issues of the required production capacity of gunpowder factories and the system for monitoring the condition of gunpowder.…”

“…The problem of storing and accumulating large quantities of ammunition, namely gunpowder charges, is typical not only for Ukraine, but also for developed NATO countries. There are known cases when spontaneous combustion of gunpowder was accompanied by human casualties, and sometimes took on the dimensions of major disasters [1,9]. For example, an explosion in the cannon turret of the battleship Iowa (USA, 1989), ruptures of artillery system barrels (Germany), an explosion at an ammunition depot (France, 2007), explosions of ammunition depots in Vrbetica (Czech Republic, 2014).…”

“…The problem of aging gunpowder charges and, in connection with this, deterioration of the ballistic characteristics of weapons is known and not new. There are data from studies of physicochemical changes in gunpowder, covering a shelf life of up to 5 years, forecasts -up to 10 years [1,2,9]. In works [11][12][13], data were obtained on the changes occurring in gunpowder during longer storage periods (17-21 years).…”

“…This gives rise to a complex problem related to: -possibility of using these ammunition; -restoration of their properties (homologation); -definition of limiting terms when homologation is still possible; -disposal (destruction). Many researchers have dealt with this topical problem [1][2][3][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Despite the large volume of work performed, there are still many unresolved issues related to the complexity of the physical and chemical processes occurring in gunpowder during storage.…”